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re v . 4 . 2 f s 970x - d s - 4 2 _ e n f e b 20 07 d a t ash eet f s 970x 5,000/50 ,000 co unt s d m m anal og front end.
f s 970x for t une se m i conduc t o r c o r p o r at i on ? ? ? 28f . , n o . 2 7 , s e c. 2 , z hongz he ng e . r d . , d anshui t o w n , t a i p e i c oun t y 251, t a i w an te l . 88 6- 2 - 2809 4742 fax 886- 2 - 28094 874 www. ic - f o r t u n e .c o m thi s m a n ual cont a i ns ne w pr oduc t i n f o r m a t i on. for t une s e m i conduc t o r c o r por a t i o n r e se r v e s t h e r i ght s t o m o d i f y t h e pr oduc t spe c i f i c a t i on w i t hou t f u r t he r no t i ce . n o l i ab i l i t y i s a ssu m e d b y for t une s e m i condu ct o r c o r por a t i o n as a r e sul t of t h e use of t h i s p r oduc t . n o r i ght s u nde r any p a t e nt acco m p any t h e sal e o f t h e p r oduc t . re v . 4 . 2 2/ 4 7
f s 970x co n t e n t s 1. ge n e r a l d e s c r i p t i o n ............................................................................................................ ....... 5 2. f e a t u r e s ....................................................................................................................... ................... 5 2. 1 g e ne r a l fea t ur es ( f s 9701a / b as a n ex a m p l e ) ....................................................................... 5 2. 2 m easu r e m e nt r a nge ( f s 9701b as an e x a m p l e ) ..................................................................... 6 3. or d e r i n g in f o r m a t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 6 4. el ect r i cal charact eri s t i cs ..................................................................................................... 6 5. b l oc k - d i a g r a m .................................................................................................................. ............ 8 6. p ackag i n g & pi ns ........................................................................................................................... 8 6. 1 l q f p 6 4 p i n d e f i n i tio n ......................................................................................................... ... 8 6. 2 p i n d e s c r i p t io n ................................................................................................................ ....... 9 7. t ypi cal appl i c a t io n c i rcui t ......................................................................................................1 0 8. r e gu l a t o r ...................................................................................................................... ................ 1 1 8. 1 l o w v o l t a g e d e te c t o r ........................................................................................................... ..1 2 8. 2 s a v i n g mo d e .................................................................................................................... ......1 2 8. 3 on /o ff p o w e r ou t p u t ............................................................................................................ ..1 3 9. cl o c k and buz z e r g e nera t o r .................................................................................................1 4 9. 1 c l o c k ge n e r a to r ................................................................................................................ .....1 4 9. 2 b u z z e r ge n e r a to r ............................................................................................................... ....1 5 10. f unct i o n net w o rk .......................................................................................................................1 6 10. 1 funct i on d e coder ..................................................................................................................1 7 10. 2 f i x e d v o l t a g e g e n e r a to r ........................................................................................................ 18 10. 3 ? pow e r suppl y .....................................................................................................................1 9 10. 4 mu l t ip le x e r s a n d p r e - f i lte r .................................................................................................... ..2 0 10. 5 op e r a t io n a m p l if ie r a n d c o m p a r a t o r .....................................................................................2 2 11 . anal og t o d i g i t al c o nvert e r ( adc) .......................................................................................2 4 11 . 1 the ope r a t i ng t h e o r y of - ? a d c ...........................................................................................2 4 11 . 2 t r ansf er func t i on & n o n- i d ea l a f f ect .....................................................................................2 4 11 . 3 funct i on g a i n set u p ..............................................................................................................2 5 11 . 4 d i g i t a l f i l t e r ................................................................................................................. ...........2 6 11 . 5 r e a d in g a n d o p e r a t i o n o f a d c ..............................................................................................2 8 1 1 .5 .1 h i g h - r e s o lu t i o n , lo w - s p e e d o u tp u t ........................................................................................2 8 1 1 .5 .2 l o w -r e s o lu tio n , h i g h -s p e e d o u tp u t .......................................................................................2 9 1 1 .5 .3 s cal e - t y pe r esi s t anc e m easu r e m e nt and a n a l og b a r g r a p h ..................................................3 0 re v . 4 . 2 3/ 4 7
f s 970x 11 . 6 t h e c o n v e r s i o n o f d i g i t a l ou tp u t & e q u i v a l e n t v o l t a g e ........................................................3 1 11 . 7 t h e d i f f e r e n t o u t p u t c o d e o f d i f f e r e n t m o d e ls .......................................................................3 1 11 . 8 oth e r c o n t r o l s e tt in g .......................................................................................................... ...3 1 12. d i g i t a l s ign a l p r oc e s s ......................................................................................................... .....3 2 12. 1 f r e q u e n c y c o u n te r .............................................................................................................. ...3 2 12. 2 the r e adi n g p r ocess of f r eque ncy count er ...........................................................................3 2 12. 3 p eak- ho l d sa m p l i ng p r oces s .................................................................................................3 3 13. mic r op r o c e s s or in t e r f a c e .....................................................................................................3 4 13. 1 c o n t r o l r e g i s t e r ............................................................................................................... .......3 4 13. 2 t h e in te r r u p t p r o c e s s .......................................................................................................... ..3 6 13. 3 m easu r e m e nt r e g i st e r s .........................................................................................................3 7 14. b a s ic me a s u r e m e n t a p p l ic a t i o n .............................................................................................3 8 14. 1 d c m v ........................................................................................................................... ..........3 8 14. 2 d c v o l t a g e ..................................................................................................................... .........3 9 14. 3 a c v o lt a g e (a c v ) ............................................................................................................... ....4 0 14. 4 dc cu r r e n t ( dca) ...................................................................................................................4 1 14. 5 ac cu r r e n t ( aca) ...................................................................................................................4 2 14. 6 r esi st or ( : ) ............................................................................................................................4 3 14. 7 c a p a c i to r ...................................................................................................................... ..........4 4 14. 8 d i o d e .......................................................................................................................... ............4 5 15. p ackag e o u t l i ne ..........................................................................................................................4 6 16. a t t achm ent ( 1 ) o p - a m p speci f i c a t io ns ...................................................................................4 7 17. r e v i s i on h i s t or y ............................................................................................................... ............4 7 re v . 4 . 2 4/ 4 7
f s 970x 1 . g e ne ra l de s c ri pti on fs 970x i s a se r i e s of d i g i t a l m u l t i - f u nct i on m e t e r ( d m m ) f r ont - e nd ch i p . the co r e i s a hi g h r e sol u t i on - ? adc , c o m b i n ed w i t h f u n c t i o n n e t w o r k , o p e r a t i o n am pl i f i e r , c o m par a t or , di gi t a l f i l t er , c r ys t a l os c i l l a t o r ci r c ui t , di g i t a l cont r o l l o g i c and m i c r o pr o c e ssor i n t e r f ace . fs 970x a d c i n c l ude s no t on l y hi gh- r e sol u t i on out p u t t o ach i e v e accur a t e m e a s ur e m e n t , b u t h i gh - s pe e d a d c out pu t t o di sp l a y t h e ba r gr aph o f di g i t a l m e t e r a nd t o m e asu r e +/ - pe ak ho l d . c o m b i n e d w i t h a m i cr o pr oce ssor , fs 9 70x c an f unc t i on a s an au t o - r ange d m m t o m e asu r e d c / a c vol t age , d c / a c cu r r e nt , r e si st a n ce , f r e que ncy , pe ak ho l d and di o d e , e t c. i n add i t i o n, i t i n cl u d e s se ve r a l se t s of pr ogr a m m a b l e a d c di r e ct i nput t o e x p and pr oduc t app l i c abi l i t y ( s uch as p r e ssur e f unc t i on, t e m p e r at u r e f unc t i on, e t c? . ) the r e ar e t w o ope r a t i on a m p l i f i e r s bui l t i n fs 97 0x t o ac t as h i gh i m pe dance buf f e r and d c / a c conve r t e r w h e n m e a s ur i n g a c v o l t a g e . t h es e t w o am pl i f i e r s ar e w i t h o t her f u n c t i on s as w e l l ev en n o t a c t i n g a s d c / a c conve r t e r . o n e of t h e m can be conne ct e d t o e x t e r nal r e s i st o r t o bu i l d a x 10 a m p l i f y c i r c u i t . the r e ad i ng f r o m t h e x 10 si gna l i n t o t h e a d c can s t i l l be of accu r a c y due t o t h e e xce l l e nt no i s e i m m u ni t y of t h e a m pl i f i e r . c h i p m a x . r e s o l u t i o n ( c o u n t s ) / o u t p u t ( h z ) s p e e d o u t p u t ( h z ) / r e s o l u t i o n ( c o u n t s ) d c v o l t a g e d c c u r r e n t a c b u f f e r a c / d c c o n v e r t e r x 1 0 p a t h r e s i s t o r c a p a c i t o r f r e q u e n c y c o u n t e r p e a k h o l d d i o d e t e s t i n g v o l t a g e r e g u l a t o r a d p i n p u t f s 9701b 5000 / 5 640 / 500 5 f s 9704b 80000 / 5 640 / 800 5 c har t 1. f s 9 70x a / b s e r i es c h i p s the r e ar e t w o d i f f e r e n t ve r s i o ns o f fs 970x w i t h d i f f e r e n t s p e c i f i c at i o n s an d f unc t i o n s. w i t h t h e sa m e m i c r o pr oce ssor fs p 01 chi p ( p r o gr a m s ) , cu st o m e r s can e a si l y an d qu i c k l y de ve l op d i f f e r e n t l e ve l s of d m m . 2. f eat u r es 2. 1 g ener al f eat ur es ( f s 9701a / b as an ex a m p l e) 1 ) b u il t-i n h i g h r e s o l u ti o n ? - adc 2) 5, 000 co unt s, h i gh - r e so l u t i on l o w - spe e d i n put , 5 t i m e s / se c. 3) 500 c oun t s , l o w r e so l u t i o n , h i gh - s pe e d i n p u t , 640 t i m e s / se c . 4 ) b u i l t - i n v o l t ag e r e g u l at or w i t h 9 v i n pu t , 3 . 2v ou t p u t 5) u nde r d c vol t age , pow e r con s u m pt i o n i s unde r 1. 2 m a 6) s t andb y sav i ng m ode 7) low ba t t e r y de t e ct i on 8) g ood c m r r at 50 / 60h z 9 ) bu il t- i n c r y s ta l o s c ill a t o r c i r c u i t 1 0 ) 2 . 5 k h z b eep er d r i v er re v . 4 . 2 5/ 4 7
f s 970x 11) s t anda r d 4 - bi t pa r a l l e l i n t e r f ace t o di r e ct l y conne c t t o m i c r o p r oce ssor po r t 12) 4 p r ogr a m m a bl e a d c d i r e ct i npu t chan ne l 13) 64 p i n l q fp pa ckage 2. 2 m eas ur em ent range ( f s 9701b as an e x a m pl e) 1) 500. 0 m v , 50 . 0 0 m v d c vo l t age , hi gh i m pe dance i npu t . 2) 0. 500 0v , 5 . 000 v , 5 0 . 0 0 v , 500 . 0 v an d 1 000 v d c vo l t age 3) 500. 0 ua , 5. 0 00 m a , 50 . 0 0 m a , 50 0. 0 m a , 5 . 00 0 a , and 10 . 0 0 a d c cu r r e nt 4) 500. 0 ? , 5 . 00 0 k ? , 5 0 . 0 0 k ? , 500 . 0 k ? , 5 . 000 m ? and 50 . 0 0 m ? r e si st a n c e 5) 0. 500 0v , 5 . 000 v , 5 0 . 0 0 v , 500 . 0 v an d 1 000 v a c vo l t age 6) 500. 0 ua , 5. 0 00 m a , 50 . 0 0 m a , 50 0. 0 m a , 5 . 00 0 a , and 10 . 0 0 a a c cu r r e nt 7) 10. 00 nf , 100 . 0 nf , 1 . 00 0 uf , 1 0 . 0 0 uf , and 100 . 0 uf ca pac i t or 8) 50. 00 h z , 500 . 0 h z , 5 . 000 k h z , 50 . 0 0 k h z , 500 . 0 k h z , and 5. 000 m h z f r e que ncy. 9) d i ode f o r w a r d b i as vo l t age t e s t , w i t h m a x i m u m f o r w ar d v o l t age o f 2v 10) 1 m s a bove pe ak ho l d de t e ct or 3 . o r de ri ng i n form a t i on p r o d u c t n u mb er p ackag e t y p e f s 9701b 6 4 - pi n lq f p f s 9704b 6 4 - pi n lq f p f s 9701b - p ce p b f r ee 64- pi n lq f p f s 9704b - p ce p b f r ee 64- pi n lq f p 4. el ect r i cal c h ar act e r i s t i cs ( vba t = 9 v , vss = 0 v , t a =+ 25 : , un l e s s o t h e r w i s e i n d i c a t ed) p a r a m e t e r t e s t c o ndi t i o n s m i n. t y p . m a x . uni t s z e r o i n put r ead in g v in = 0 v , 50 0 m v s c al e - 1 0 1 c o u n t s z e r o r eadi ng d r if t v in =0 v , 0 < t : a <+ 70 : v/ : lin ear it y ( m ax. d e vi at i on f r om b e s t s t r a i g h t l i n e fi t ) 500 mv s c a l e - 2 0 2 c o u n t s i n p u t c o m m on- m o d e r e j e c t i on r a t i o v cm = 1v , v in =0v , 5 0 0 m v s c a l e 120 v / v i n p u t c o m m on- m o d e v o lt ag e r ang e v in = 0 v, 5 0 0 m v sc a l e , 1 2 c o u n ts -1 1 v n o is e ( p - p v a lu e n o t e x c eedi ng 9 5 % of t i m e ) v in = 0 v , 50 0 m v s c al e 0 1 c o u n t s r o ll ov er e r r o r ( d if f e r enc e i n r ead in g f o r equ al p o s i t i ve an d n e g a t i ve i n p u t s n ear f u ll s c a l e) -v in =+ v in =5 00 . 00m v 0 1 5 c o un t s i n p u t l eak ag e c u r r ent v in = 0 v 1 1 0 pa s c al e f a c t or t e m p e r at ur e c oef f i c i e n t v in =5 00 . 0 0m v , 0 < t : a <+ 70 : 7. 5 pp m/ : a n a l og g r oun d v o lt ag e ( w it h r e s p e c t t o vss ) 3. 2 v a n al og s u pp l y v o lt ag e ( w it h r e s p e c t t o vss ) 6. 2 v d i git a l s u pp l y v o l t ag e ( w it h r e s p e c t t o vss ) 5 v a n al og g r oun d s our c e c a p a b i l i t y ? v o =- 0. 1v 2 0 a a n al og g r oun d s i n k c a p abil i t y ? v o =0 .1v 3 m a a n al og s u pp l y s our c e c a p a b i lit y ? v o =0 . 1 v 6 0 ma re v . 4 . 2 6/ 4 7
f s 970x p a r a m e t e r t e s t c o ndi t i o n s m i n. t y p . m a x . uni t s vbat 7 9 v l o w b a t t er y d e t e c t i on v o l t ag e 6. 7 6. 8 6. 9 v vbat o p e r a t i n g c u rr e n t v in = 0 , 50 0m v s c al e r in =1 k , 5 0 0 sc a l e 9 6 0 300 0 a s l eep c u r r ent 10 30 a a dc cu rr e n t v in = 0 6 6 0 a a c o p c u r r ent v in = 0 1 7 0 a c o m p a r at or c u r r en t v in = 0 . 5 v dc 1 4 a o s r c s our c e c a p abi lit y ? v o =- 0. 1v , 5 0 0 s c a l e 6 0 0 a b a ndw id t h o f a c o p h z dc g a i n o f a c op d b b a n d w i d t h of c o m p a r at o r v in =6 00m v p-p sin v in =4 0m v rm s sin 1 5 m 500 k h z h y s t e r e s is o f c o mp ar a t or e n s c h m t = 1 0. 2 v ac bu f l i n e a r i t y err o r (r l =10 m , c l =3 0p f ) (r l =10k , c l =3 0pf ) ga i n = 1 v in =0 .4 v rm s , 1 00k h z s i n v in =0 .4 v rm s , 5 0 kh z sin v in =0 .4 v rm s , 2 0 kh z sin v in =0 .4 v rm s , 1 0 k h z s i n c a li br at i on v in =0 .4 v rm s , 5 0 hz s i n v in =0 .4 v rm s , 1 00k h z s i n v in =0 .4 v rm s , 5 0 kh z sin v in =0 .4 v rm s , 2 0 kh z sin v in =0 .4 v rm s , 1 0 k h z s i n c a li br at i on v in =0 .4 v rm s , 5 0 hz s i n 0. 2 5 0. 0 5 0. 0 1 - 0 . 00 25 0. 2 3 0. 0 45 0. 0 05 - 0. 0 7 % ac bu f l i n e a r i t y err o r (r l =10 m , c l =3 0p f ) (r l =10k , c l =3 0pf ) ga i n = 1 0 v in = 0 . 04v rm s , 20k h z s i n v in = 0 . 04v rm s , 10k h z s i n v in = 0 . 04v rm s , 5 k h z sin v in = 0 . 04v rm s , 1k h z s i n c a li br at i on v in = 0 . 04v rm s , 50h z s i n v in = 0 . 04v rm s , 20k h z s i n v in = 0 . 04v rm s , 10k h z s i n v in = 0 . 04v rm s , 5 k h z sin v in = 0 . 04v rm s , 1k h z s i n c a li br at i on v in = 0 . 04v rm s , 50h z s i n 4. 3 1. 1 4 0. 2 7 - 0 4. 4 1. 1 4 0. 2 7 - 0. 0 5 % r c t o p lin ear i t y e r r o r v in =0 .2 v rm s , 1 00h z s i n c a l i br at i on v in =0 .2 v rm s , 1 0 kh z sin 2. 5 % s w i t ch r e s i st a n c e : sw 1 sw 2 sw 3 240 700 2k p a r a s i t i c c a p a c i t anc e 12 pf d i git a l o u t put h i g h i ou t = - 1 m a 5 v d i git a l o u t put l o w i ou t = 1 ma 2 5 mv d i git a l i n put h i gh v d i git a l i n put l o w v n o t e 1: i f you w anna know o p - a m p s p e c i f i c at i o n s , you can r e ad at t a ch m e n t ( 1 ) . re v . 4 . 2 7/ 4 7
f s 970x 5. b l o ck- d i ag r a m pc or microprocessor (master) power regulator & low battery detector oscillator & colck generator function, range routers, opamps, comparators & ohm source ac-to-dc external network high resolution ? adc & input volatge buffers vdd agnd vss microprocessor interface & control logic digital signal processing (counters, filters & control logic) regulation network & precise zenner diode dmm signal conditioning network input crystal 9 v battery vbat vbat vbat vcc 6. pac kag i n g & pi n s 6. 1 lq f p 64 p i n de f i nit i on f s 97 0x lq 64 (14 m m x 14 mm/ 1 0 mm x 1 0 mm ) 3 9 4 2 60 50 51 54 59 58 49 48 63 64 55 56 57 61 38 37 40 53 41 36 39 42 43 46 45 44 47 62 5 6 7 8 10 11 22 21 16 15 14 13 12 23 25 24 30 31 32 27 26 29 28 ach o ac l o ax 3 ax 4 ax 1 ax 5 ax 2 dv o vd d p vc c vc c vc c vc c s os c o nc nc cm p 2 cm p 1 fc n t i vb a t vss d xt a l i xt a l o bz r ir qo ad 3 ad 2 cs _ al e wr _ rd _ ad 0 ad 1 on e m te n m hu nk on e k te n k vd d a sm v sa ft b ft a sd b ag nd sg n d ac b ac l rc t p ac h rc t n ac a rc t o 52 1 20 19 18 17 ft c rs t _ vc c 35 34 33 re f h vs sa ad rf cs f b cp n vc c r vd d s gn d r re v . 4 . 2 8/ 4 7
f s 970x 6. 2 p i n des c r i pt i on 64 p i n lq fp pi n pi n ty p e s y mb o l d e s c r i p t i o n 1 d p i vssd g l o b a l g r o u n d -3 . 2 v . 2- 3 d i o x t a l i , x t a lo t he t e r m i n als o f c r y s t a l o s c i l l a t o r c i r c u i t 4 d o b z r t he o u t put t e r m i n al o f b u z z e r f unc t i on 5 d o i r q o t he i n t e r r upt ou t p ut t e r m in al w h en up d a t i n g d a t a 6- 9 d i o a d <3: 0 > t he i / o p o r t s o f a ddr e s s an d d a t a li n e s 10 d i r d _ w h e n a c t i ve_l ow , r ead val u e s f r om f s 9 7 0 x 11 d i w r _ w h e n a c t i ve_l ow , w r it e val u e s t o f s 9 7 0 x 12 d i a l e w h e n a c t i ve_h i, a d <3: 0 > ac t s a s addr es s li n e 13 d i c s _ w h e n a c t i ve_l ow , en ab l e f s 9 7 0 x i n t e r f a c e 1 4 dp i v cc di g i t a l p o we r s u p p l y + 1 .8 v 15 d i r s t _ r e s e t all t h e r egis t er s t o ? 0 ? w h en a c t i v e_l ow 16 a i o c p n t he c o n n e c t or o f t h e c o mp ens at i on c a p a c i t o r at a c v f unc t i on 17 a i o f t c t he t e r m i n al o f pr e- f i lt er c a p a c i t o r 1 8 - 2 2 a i o t e nm , o ne m , hunk , t e n k , one k t h e t e r m i n a l o f r e s i s t o r s o f r o u t e r 23- 24 a i o f t a , f t b t he t e r m i n al o f pr e- f i lt er c a p a c i t o r 25 a i s g n d t he s e ns i ng p o int o f an a l og gr ou nd 2 6 a p i a g n d a n al og gr ou nd 0 v 27 a p i v d d a p o s i t i ve an al og p o w e r s u p p l y + 3 .0 v 28 a i o s m v t he in pu t o f d c mv f unc t i on 29 a i o s a t he t e r m i n al o f c u r r ent f unc t i on 30 a i o s d b t he n e g a t i ve t e r m i n al o f r e f e r enc e un d e r r e s i s t anc e m eas ur em en t 31 a i a d r f t he in pu t o f t h e vol t ag e r e f e r enc e o f a d c 3 2 api vssa n e g a ti v e a n a l o g p o w e r s u p p l y -3 . 2 v . 33 a i r e f h t he out p u t o f z e n e r di od e 34 a i o c s f b t he t e r m i n al o f z e n e r d i od e f unc t i on 35- 36 a i o a c h , a c l t he out p u t t e r m i n a l s o f a c - t o - d c f u nc t i on 3 7 - 3 8 aio ac b, ac a t h e c o n n e c t i o n o f ac b u f f e r o p a m p 39- 40 a i o r c t p , r c t n t he t e r m i n al o f o p a m p o f a c - t o - d c f unc t i on 41 a i o r c t o t he out p u t t e r m i n a l o f o p a m p o f a c - t o- d c f unc t i on 42- 43 a i o a c h o , a c lo t he out p u t t e r m i n a l s o f r e c t if y f unc t i on o f a c - t o- d c m e a s ur em ent 44- 48 a i o a x 1 - a x 5 t he in pu t t e r m in al o f a d c 49 a o d v o t he out p u t t e r m i n a l s d v t h r oug h an an al og s w i t c h c ont r o l 5 0 a p o gndr t h e a n a l o g g r o u n d o f i n t e rn a l v o l t a g e r e g u l a t o r ( 0 v ) . 51 p o v d d s t he out p u t t e r m i n a l v d d t h r oug h an an al og s w it c h c o n t r o l 52 p i v d d p t he p o w e r s u pp l y o f r egul at or ( + 3. 0 v ) 5 3 dp o v ccr t h e o u t p u t o f r e g u l a t o r +1 .8 v 54 d p o v c c s t he out p u t t e r m i n a l v c c t h r oug h an an al og s w it c h c o n t r o l 55- 57 d o i v c c d i git a l p o w e r s u pp l y + 1 .8 v 5 8 d o o s c o t he out put o f c r y s t a l o s c i l l a t o r c i r c uit ( t h e ou t p ut f r equ enc y c an b e pr ogr am m abl e ) 59- 6 1 n c n o us e. 62 d o c m p 1 t he out p u t o f c o mp ar at o r 63 d i f c n t i t he in pu t t e r m in al o f f r e q u enc y c oun t e r 6 4 p vbat t h e t e r m i n a l o f b a tt e r y 1) d ( d ig it a l ) 2) a ( a na l og) 3) p (p o w e r) 4) o (o u t p u t ) 5) i ( i npu t ) 6) for e x a m pl e , d i o st an ds f o r d i g i t a l i npu t a nd o u t p u t pi n . re v . 4 . 2 9/ 4 7
f s 970x 7 . t y pi c a l a ppl i c a t i on c i rc ui t 1 2 3 4 a b c d 4 3 2 1 d c b a ti t l e n u m ber r e v i s i on si z e a2 d a t e : 4 - j an- 2004 s heet of f ile : c : \ d o c u me nt s a nd s e t t i ngs \ y enhon g \ ?
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?i? \ d m m _c lu b . d d b d r aw n b y : r1 1 . 1111m r2 101. 01k r3 10. 010k r4 1 . 0001k rf t r 1 1m cf t r 1 27nf c1 1nf c2 390pf c3 300pf rs d b 1 100k rs m v 1 909k j1 dc v + ac v j2 ohm + c ap + d t cd cp l 1 10nf , 1000v j4 dc v+ ohm + dt + c ap rp t c 1 p t c , 1k , + - 5 % , 25 c j3 o h m +c a p +d t r s gnd1 10k rrf 1 49. 9k rrf 2 249k crf 1 27nf rcs 1 412k rz n r 1 82k dz nr 1 l m 385/ 1. 235v cr1 4 . 000m h z bz r1 2. 5k h z rbz r1 1k c4 10uf c5 10uf c7 47uf rrg 1 866k rrg 2 187k c6 10uf gn d 1 vi n 2 v out 3 u1 s - 81250 ccp n 1 5. 6pf rcp n 1 100 k n j5 e x cep t h z vssd 1 xt al i 2 xt al o 3 bz r 4 ir qo 5 ad 3 6 ad 2 7 ad 1 8 ad 0 9 rd_ 10 wr _ 11 al e 12 cs _ 13 vc c 14 rs t _ 15 cp n 16 ftc 17 te n m 18 on e m 19 hunk 20 tn e k 21 on e k 22 fta 23 ftb 24 sg n d 25 ag n d 26 v dda 27 sm v 28 sa 29 sd b 30 a drf 31 vssa 32 re f h 33 cs f b 34 ac h 35 ac l 36 ac b 37 ac a 38 rct p 39 rct n 40 rct o 41 a cho 42 ac l o 43 ax3 44 ax4 45 ax1 46 ax5 47 ax2 48 dv o 49 g ndr 50 v dds 51 v ddp 52 v ccr 53 v ccs 54 vc c 55 os c o 58 vc c 56 vc c 57 nc 59 nc 60 nc 61 cm p 1 62 f cnt 1 63 vbat 64 f s 970/ q 6 4 u2 f s 970/ q 6 4 j6 mv rh z 1 50k c8 4pf j7 dt rd t 2 900k rd t 1 100k b a tte r y 1 9v c9 0. 1uf ra c2 60k ra c1 10k d rct p 1 1n 914 d rct n 1 1n 914 r avg1 20k c avg1 100nf ra v g 2 20k c a vg2 100nf ca c1 10uf xi n 31 xo u t vc 1 33 vc 2 34 vc 3 35 vc c 36 co m 4 / p 6 . 3 37 co m 3 / p 6 . 2 38 co m 2 / p 6 . 1 39 co m 1 40 seg 1 41 seg 2 42 seg 3 43 seg 4 44 seg 5 45 seg 6 46 seg 7 47 seg 8 48 seg 9 49 seg 1 0 seg 1 1 51 seg 1 2 52 seg 1 3 53 seg 1 4 54 seg 1 5 55 seg 1 6 56 seg 1 7 57 seg 1 8 58 seg 1 9 59 seg 2 0 60 seg 2 1 61 seg 2 2 62 seg 2 3 63 seg 2 4 64 seg 2 5 65 seg 2 6 66 seg 2 7 67 seg 2 8 68 seg 2 9 69 seg 3 0 70 seg 3 1 71 seg 3 2 72 seg 3 3 73 seg 3 4 74 seg 3 5 75 seg 3 6 76 seg 3 7 77 seg 3 8 78 seg 3 9 79 seg 4 0 80 p1 . 0 81 p1 . 1 82 p1 . 2 83 p1 . 3 84 p1 . 4 85 p1 . 5 86 p1 . 6 87 p1 . 7 88 p2 . 0 89 p2 . 1 90 p2 . 2 91 p2 . 3 92 p2 . 4 93 p2 . 5 94 p2 . 6 95 p2 . 7 96 vc c 97 p3 . 0 98 p3 . 1 99 p3 . 2 100 p 3 .3 /a 1 0 d 3 1 p 3 .4 /a 1 1 d 4 2 p 3 .5 /a 1 2 d 5 3 p 3 .6 /a 1 3 d 6 4 p 3 .7 /a 1 4 d 7 5 vss 6 p 4 .0 /a 0 7 p 4 .1 /a 1 8 p 4 .2 /a 2 9 p 4 .3 /a 3 10 p 4 .4 /a 4 11 p 4 .5 /a 5 12 p 4 .6 /a 6 13 p4 . 7 / psen 14 p5 . 0 15 p5 . 1 16 p5 . 2 17 p5 . 3 18 p5 . 4 19 p5 . 5 20 p5 . 6 21 p5 . 7 22 p 12. 0 23 p 12. 1 24 p 12. 2/ a h e 25 p 12. 3/ o s c o 26 vss 27 exr o m 28 a rhcr 29 rs t 30 f s up01n u3 fsu p 0 1 rcr1 1 m rp b1 500k 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 sw 1 rf s rl cd 1 70k d0 3 q0 2 d1 4 q1 5 d2 7 q2 6 d3 8 q3 9 d4 13 q4 12 d5 14 q5 15 d6 17 q6 16 d7 18 q7 19 oe 1 cl k 11 u4 74s 374 a0 10 a1 9 a2 8 a3 7 a4 6 a5 5 a6 4 a7 3 a8 25 a9 24 a1 0 21 a1 1 23 a1 2 2 a1 3 26 a1 4 1 d0 11 d1 12 d2 13 d3 15 d4 16 d5 17 d6 18 d7 19 vc c 28 gn d 14 we 27 oe 22 ce 20 u5 28256 1 2 l1 di o s 2 l2 di o r rs o 1 3k rs i n 1 100k sw 2 bt ba c k l i g h t sw 3 b t h z sw 4 b t p eak sw 5 bt a h sw 6 b t f unc t i o n sw 7 b t re c sw 8 b t ra n g e sw 9 bt re l cp b1 10nf cr3 20pf cr4 10pf j9 j1 0 rct 1 15k ra c3 30k r5 10m , 1000v 28256 : 27256 : vc c vc c j9 j1 0 a1 4 a1 4 1 2 l3 led rbk l i 1 180 cs 1 sk 2 di 3 do 4 gn d 5 t est 6 nc 7 vc c 8 u6 s - 93c 46a d p d1 i n 4002 c1 0 10uf c1 1 1uf c1 2 1uf cc 1 vi n 2 vs s 4 vd d 7 ou t 6 ca v 5 pd 3 co m 8 u7 a d 737 crm s 1 10uf crm s 2 10uf crm s 3 33uf s p k 1 s p k rs p k 1 ra 1 0 . 01, 2w , 10ppm jm a 1 ma j u a 1 ua ra 2 0 . 99, 5w , 10ppm ra 3 99, 0. 25w , 10ppm f1 1a / 600v f2 15a / 600v cr2 4 . 000m h z rcr2 1 m je x t 1 pv a t 1 vb a t p v ss1 v s s j a rh cr1 jc a p 1 j not c a p 1 rp b2 500k cp b2 10nf ja i n 1 a i n rcp n 2 100 k r agnd1 20k tp 1 9013 tp 2 9013 tp 5 9013 tp 6 9013 jr s 1 r s 232 te x t 1 44 c on1 c o n 22x 2 d2 4004 d3 4004 d4 4004 d5 4004 d6 4004 d7 4004 1 2 1 2 r6 100k r7 20m jm v p mv p jc o m dc v + ac v jd t h dt 1 2 j1 3 1 2 j1 3 c o mmo n ag n d v dds vss vd d ad0 ad1 ad2 ad3 rd wr al e cs ag n d ag n d vd d vss vss vc c vss vd d vbat ag n d v dds vss vc c vd d vss re f h c sfb ac h ac l ac b ac a rct p rct n rct o cp ax4 ax1 ax2 bz r ten m one m hunk ten k one k ft b s gnd sm v sd b adr f ax5 vc c vd d ag n d vbat ft c v ccs ft c v dds v dds ag n d ac l o ac out vc c ax4 ac ho ag n d ag n d 32 50 vss d0 d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 d6 d7 a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 pse n vss r fs1 r fs2 r fs3 r fs4 pb 0 pb 1 ad0 ad1 ad2 ad3 wr rd cs al e rx d tx d rt 3 rt 2 rt 0 rt 1 vss co m 1 co m 2 co m 3 co m 4 se g 1 se g 2 se g 3 se g 4 se g 5 se g 6 se g 7 se g 8 se g 9 se g 1 0 se g 1 1 se g 1 2 se g 1 3 se g 1 4 se g 1 5 se g 1 6 se g 1 7 se g 1 8 se g 1 9 se g 2 0 se g 2 1 se g 2 2 se g 2 3 se g 2 4 se g 2 5 se g 2 6 se g 2 7 se g 2 8 se g 2 9 se g 3 0 se g 3 1 se g 3 2 vc c ahe vss d0 d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 d6 d7 d0 d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 d6 d7 vc c vc c vss ps e n a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 a9 a1 0 a1 1 a1 2 a1 3 a1 4 a7 a8 a9 a1 0 a1 1 a1 2 a1 3 a1 4 1 vc c pb 0 pb 1 rt 0 rt 1 rt 2 rt 3 rs t a1 4 vc c vss vss bk l i cs al e wr v ccs vss rd po h m vc c vc c vss v ccs vss xi n xout vc 3 xout ac out v dds vss ac l ac h am p _ i n c o mmo n vss ar hc r ex r o m vs s ahe bk l i ex r o m vc c vc c vss xi n vss vbat x 970o x 970i ir q o dvo fc n t 1 nc 6 1 nc 6 0 nc 5 9 os c o vc 1 vc 2 p26 pb 2 ar hc r vc c vss se g 3 3 se g 3 4 se g 3 5 se g 3 6 ax2 j3 a vss ax1 po h m j3 a pd t se g 3 7 se g 3 8 se g 3 9 se g 4 0 co m 1 co m 2 co m 3 co m 4 se g 1 se g 2 se g 3 se g 4 se g 5 se g 6 se g 7 se g 8 se g 9 se g 1 0 se g 1 1 se g 1 2 se g 1 3 se g 1 4 se g 1 5 se g 1 6 se g 1 7 se g 1 8 se g 1 9 se g 2 0 se g 2 1 se g 2 2 se g 2 3 se g 2 4 se g 2 5 se g 2 6 se g 2 7 se g 2 8 se g 2 9 se g 3 0 se g 3 1 se g 3 2 se g 3 3 se g 3 4 se g 3 5 se g 3 6 se g 3 7 se g 3 8 se g 3 9 se g 4 0 c o mmo n vss a m p . tes t a m p . tes t ax1 ax2 ag n d re v . 4 . 2 10/ 47
f s 970x 8 . re gul a t or ??3???? ??? ? ? ? ? ? ????? a? ?a ??? ??3 ??3 ?? 3??? ??? ? ??3 ?? ? ?? 52 53 50 32 g r aph 1. f s 970 x r e gul ator b l oc k - di agr am fs 970x r e gul at o r , a s show n i n g r aph 1 , ne e d s t o be conne ct e d w i t h a s 8 1 250 l o w - co st r e gul at or t o conve r t t h e bat t e r y v o l t a g e above 6. 8v t o v d d vol t age of appr ox . 6 . 3 v . the r e ar e t w o f unc t i ons of v d d pow e r : one i s t h e p o s i t i v e v o l t a g e ( n e g a t i v e v o l t a g e t o b e vssa) o f a n a lo g c i r c u i t ( o r r e g u l a t o r ) , a n d t h e o t h e r i s a s t h e r e f e r e nce vol t age of r e gul a t o r s . th e p o w e r o f t h e d i g i t a l c i r c u i t i n t h e c h i p i s s u p p l i e d b y vc c. th e d i g i t a l s i g n a l g r o u n d is vssd. th e d i g i t a l s i gna l gr o und vssd and ne gat i v e s u p p l y o f ana l o g c i r c u i t vs sa i n t h e c h i p ar e c o n n e c t e d by c h i p f ound at i o n of t housa nd o h m s. a s show n i n g r ap h 1, t h e fs 970x r e gul at o r c i r c ui t r e f e r s r e spe c t i ve l y t o t h e vo l t age of v d d p and r e fh ; at t h e s a m e tim e , a d j u s t i n g t o t h e v o l t a g e o f vccr, g ndr a n d v ss t o s u p p l y t h e c h i p . i f vss i s s e t t o b e 0 v , t h e v o l t age o f vccr and g ndr w i l l be 5v and 3 . 2 v . this ana l o g s upp l y c an d i r e c t l y s upp l y ad 737 t o e nabl e t h e m e t e r t o m e as ur e t h e t r ue r o o t m e an sq uar e o f a c s i gna l . the suppl y sour ce of fs 970x can be se l e ct e d by use r s , e i t h e r f r o m t h e chi p i t se l f o r f r o m e x t e r nal con n e c t i o n . the anal og s upp l y w i t h i n t h e c h i p i s pr ov i d e d by vd d a , a g n d and vssa . thus , d i r e c t l y f e e d i ng t h e ou t p u t o f r e g u l a t o r vccr, g ndr a n d vss in t o vcc, a g nd a n d vssa will s u p p l y t h e c h i p i t s e lf . if t h e s y s t e m h a s i t s own s upp l y , it c an be c onne c t e d d i r e c t l y t o vcc, a g nd a nd vssa, i n s t e ad o f u s i n g vccr and g ndr . t h e p o w er c o ns um p t i o n of a n a l o g i s s t at i c d c cu r r en t , w i t h a n eq u i va l e n t d c p o w er c o n s um pt i o n . t h e m a j o r r e ason t h a t w i l l af f e ct t h i s d c pow e r c onsu m p t i o n i s t h e change be t w e e n e a ch f unc t i on. the pow e r consu m pt i o n o f fs 970x ana l og p a r t s i s de si gne d t o be unde r 1. 2 m a and t h e di g i t a l p a r t s unde r 0. 5 m a . t o be e v e n m o r e s t r i nge nt o n pow e r con s u m pt i on de si gn u nde r savi ng m ode , co nne ct i n g t h e chi p ? s ana l o g suppl y v d d a t o v d d s w i l l r e duce t h e i d l e v d d a con s u m pt i o n t o 0 unde r s a v i ng m ode . fo r de t a i l s abou t v d d s , pl e a se se e 5. 3. re v . 4 . 2 11 / 4 7
f s 970x 8. 1 low v o l t age det e c t or 360k 303k cmp agnd batter y 9v vssd vbat lbs bat v v re v . 4 . 2 12/ 47
f s 970x a f t < 6> r c t e n 0 f u l l - w av e r e t i f i e r af t < 4 > a c en 0 ac b u f f e r ad g < 7 > e n ad 0 ad c set ad c < 7 : 6 > en vd s, en vc s 0 0 o n / o f f p o w e r o u t p u t m i s c 1 < 4> e n o s c o _ 1 o s co out put m i s c 1 < 3> e n x t l_ 1 cr y s t a l os c ill at or c i r c u i t m i s c 2 < 1> e n g n d r _ 1 a g n d v o l t ag e r e g u l at or c har t 2. s a v i ng mode s e tup. 8 . 3 on /o ff p o w e r ou tp u t vddp(52)/ vcc(55) envds/ envcs vdds(51)/ vccs(54) g r aph 3 o n /o f f pow er outpu t. vdds a n d vccs a r e t h e o n / o ff p o we r o u t p u t o f vddp a n d v cc. t h e c i r c u i t is s h o w n i n g r a p h 3 . vddp / v cc f l o w s i n t o pm o s , o u t p u t f r o m vdds/ v ccs . pm o s o n / o f f s t a t u s i s c o n t r o ll e d b y envds/ envcs. w h e n s e t unde r 0 and 1, p m o s i s r e spe c t i ve l y unde r ope n/ c l ose st a t us . conne c t i n g vdda t o vdds un de r s a v i ng m ode , t h i s will de c r e a s e vdda powe r c ons u m p t i o n t o 0. re v . 4 . 2 13/ 47
f s 970x 9. c l o ck an d b u z z er gen e r a t o r 9. 1 cl oc k g ener at or 4.0000 mhz fs f s f tb 1/f s 1/f tb enosco_ enxtl_ ftb tbdiv fsdiv buzzer vbat enbp cntbp fbp clk divider osco 2 xtali 3 xtalo 4 bzr 58 osco 3 g r aph 4 c l oc k g ener ator . c l ock ge ne r a t o r i s show n i n g r ap h 4 . i t can be conne ct e d t o a 4 . 000 m h z cr yst a l o sci l l a t or t o pr o duce 4. 00 0 m h z cl ock f r e que ncy . i t can t h e n be di v i de d t o fs , ftb , an d fb p f r e que nci e s by a d i v i de r . a m ong t h e s e , fs i s use d by a d c . ( p l e ase r e f e r t o 8 . 4 f o r de t a i l s. ) ftb i s use d by di g i t a l c i r c ui t s , such as t h e r e f e r e nce f r e que ncy of fre q u e n c y c o u n te r (p le a s e re fe r to s e c t io n 9 . 1 ) . f b p is u s e d b y b u z z e r to in it ia te b u z z i n g . f t b a nd f s a r e r e s p ec t i v e l y c o nt r o l l ed b y e n x t a l _ . t b d i v a n d f s d i v . t h e t r u e v a l u e c h ar t i s s h o w n i n c har t 3 : en x t al _ t b d i v f tb f s d i v f s l l 1. 0000 m h z l 166. 67 k h z l l 1. 0000 m h z h 83. 33 k h z l h 125. 0 k h z l 166. 67 k h z l h 125. 0 k h z h 83. 33 k h z h x 0 , (l ) x 0 , (l ) c har t 3. f t b / f s gener at or tr ue v a l ue c har t. re v . 4 . 2 14/ 47
f s 970x 9. 2 b u z z e r g ener at or fb p ge ne r a t o r i s con t r o l l e d by e n b p . c n t b p and c m p 1 . th e t r ue va l u e c har t i s sh ow n i n c har t 4. en bp c n t bp c m p1 f bp h x x 2 . 6 k h z l l x 0, ( l ) l x l 0, ( l ) x h h 2. 6 k h z c har t 4. f b p tr ue v a l ue c har t the out p u t o f buz z e r , b z r , i s an ope n dr a i n ou t p u t . i t c a n b e conne ct e d t o an e x t e r nal pu l l - u p r e si s t or t o pu l l t h e ? h i ? ou t put t o t h e r e qui r e d vo l t age . w h e n e n b p i s ? h i ? o r c m p 1 and c n t b p ar e bo t h ? h i ? , b z r w i l l pr o duce appr ox . 2. 6 kh z squ a r e - w ave ou t put t o i n i t i a t e buz ze r . e n b p and c n t b p can be se t up di r e ct l y b y d i g i t a l in te r f a c e w h i l e th e v a lu e o f c m p 1 is re la te d t o th e m e a s u r e m e n t s t a t u s . p l e a s e re fe r to f u n c t i o n n e tw o r k f o r d e t a ils . w h e n e n os c o _ = 0 , th e s q u a r e - w a v e o u tp u t o f os c o i s fix e d to b e 2 . 0 0 0 m h z . w h e n e n os c o _ = 1 ,th e fix e d o u t p u t i s 0 . t h i s will s a v e vcc p o w e r c o n s u m p t i o n . re v . 4 . 2 15/ 47
f s 970x 1 0 . func ti on n e t w ork common 10k 0.99 ? 0.01 ? ua 10a sa ma+ua onem hunk tenk onek tenm 10m ? 1m ? 100k ? 10k ? 1k ? dcv+acv dcv + ohm +cap ptc fuse volt+ohm+ dt+cap dcmv + ohm + cap + dt 900 k ? smv 1 m ? sdb dcv + acv + dt cpn agnd agnd ohm + cap 99 ? ma 30k ? acdiv inh fcnt 60k ? cpn<1> 1m ? 27nf ftr ftr agnd 10k ? agnd cmpen1 sgnd cpn<0> ach sa sgnd smv sdv sdb tenm<0> inl osrmux tbdiv ax5 vrefh tenm<1> onem<0> onem<1> hunk<0> hunk<1> tenk<0> tenk<1> onek<0> onek<1> aft<7:0> scp<7:0> sin<7:0> srf<7:0> rgd<7:0> 7 acen scmph<3:0> msb bpftr rcten scmpl<1:0> cmpen1 0 enschmt 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 lsb sinl<2:0> srfh<1:0> srfl<2:0> range<3:0> mode<3:0> sinh<3:0> scp aft sin srf rgd extd 0000_0000 0000_0000 0000_0000 0000_0000 0000_0000 function fun1,2 fun1 fun2 except cap agnd 10 uf rct o ac b ftb fta rctop rct p rct n acbuf ac a cmp1 osrc scv osr cmp1 captg acen cmph sdt bpftr acdiv acbo ftr acdiv cpn<1> sosr<1:0> cpn<0> cmphmux sa smv sdv adrf cmph scmph<3:0> vcntd1 capm vsrc1 vcapd1 vcapd2 vcapc2 vcapc1 sgnd osr osr osrc ax1 ax2 cmph adrf 1.5k ? dt vb+ vsrc vcntd vsrc1 vcapd1 vcapd2 vcapc2 vcapc1 vrfh refh agnd ax1 ax2 ax4 ax3 ax1 ax2 ax3 ax4 function decoder onek<2:0> tenk<2:0> hunk<2:0> onem<2:0> tenm<1:0> sdt vsr cap range<3:0> mode<3:0> endvo cntd captg captg 14k ? 15k ? a cho ac l o 15k ? 1 m ? 27 nf ac l ac h acl agnd ftc adrf refh dvo sdv endvo vsr tbdiv ax5 ax5 sosr1:0 bpacbf onek<2> tenk<2> hunk<2> onem<2> tenm<1> inhmux sdv sa sgnd sdb ach ax5 adrf ax1 ax2 ax3 ftin inlmux sgnd scv sdv sdb ax2 inl sinh<3:0> sinl<2:0> ax4 ax3 ax4 acl smv acbo cmph vrh vrl vrhmux adrf scv smv vrh srfh<1:0> ax3 vrlmux agnd scv smv ax3 vrl srfl<2:0> ax4 agnd sdb lbs cmplmux scmpl<1:0> agnd vsrc1 cmpl vcapc2 vrfh cap cap capmux vcapc1 vcapc2 vcapd2 vcapd1 capm captg capl vcntd1 cntd rcten vrh vrl cpl 17 24 23 35 36 41 43 42 39 40 37 38 29 25 49 28 30 22 21 20 19 18 16 33 62 (vdd) osro 330 pf agnd 100 k dcmv dcmv fcnti cmp2 cmp2 cmpen2 cmpen2 cmpen2 ax2 63 61 g r aph 5. f s 970 x fu nc ti on netw o r k di agr am funct i on n e t w or k , as show n i n g r aph 5 , i n cl u d e s s i x m a j o r p a r t s : f unc t i on de code r , ar e a ne t w o r k sw i t ch , f i x e d vol t age ge ne r a t o r , o h m p o w e r supp l y , m u l t i p l e x e r s and p r e - f i l t e r , ope r a t i on a m pl i f i e r and co m p ar a t o r . re v . 4 . 2 16/ 47
f s 970x 10. 1 f unc t i on dec oder funct i on de code r i n c l ude s t w o se t of i npu t ? m o d e a nd r a n g e . r a n g e c ont r o l s ar e a ne t w or k sw i t ch t o de t e r m i ne m e as ur e m e n t r a nge , a n d m o d e con t r o l s t h e f u n c t i on ne t w or k s i gn al t o de t e r m i n e m e asu r e m e n t m ode . a s show n i n c har t 5, t h e se t up o f r e gi s t e r m o d e 3 : 0 ( r e pr e s e n t s m o d e <3: 0 >) can de code t h e cont r o l s i gna l s such as cap . s d t . v s r . c n t d an d e ndvo. i t a l so c ont r o l s t h e m e asur e m e n t m ode an d ope r a t i on st at u s of f unc t i on ne t w o r k . w h e n h i gh b andw i d t h a c i s cap a b l e o f p r oce s s i ng a c si g n a l m o r e t h an 1 m h z , s d v can be t h e d i r e ct o u t p u t o f s d v . r e fe r to s e c t io n 7 . 5 . 1 fo r d e t a i l s . m eas ur em ent m ode m o de 3 : 0 c ap s d t v s r c n t d end v o dcm v , dc v , a c v , and p k h 0000 0 0 0 0 0 di o d e 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 hi gh b andw i d t h a c 0011 0 0 1 0 1 res i s t or x , cont i n u i t y 100x 0 0 1 1 0 capac i t or x 101x 1 0 1 0 0 c har t 5 3 c ontr o l of meas ur eme n t mod e . a s sh ow n i n c h a r t 6 , ar e a ne t w o r k sw i t c h i s c ont r o l l e d b y bot h m o d e 3 : 0 and r a n g e 3 : 0 . the f o u r bi t s i n r a n g e d i r e ct l y con t r o l s ne t w or k r e si s t o r p a t h : 1 k , 10 k , 100k , an d 1m ??? a t th e s a m e ti m e , th e p a th ?? ? ? of 10m ??can be de t e r m i n e ? d by f o rmu l a 2 ! ! ! !!! !! !! ea b c df u nde r r ange d i v i d e r m ode , ar e a ne t w o r k be co m e s de cay ne t w or k. i t con t r o l s a r e a ne t w or k on/ o f f st at u s t o de t e r m i ne d i f f e r e n t m e asu r e m e n t r ange acco r d i n g t o t h e s e t up o f r a n g e 3 : 0 . u nde r r e si s t o r m ode , ar e a n e t w o r k will b e c o m e t h e r e f e r e n c e r e s i s t o r in it ia t e d b y a p p r o p r i a t e r e t u r n e d supp l y . i t se l e ct s d i f f e r e n t r e f e r e n c e r e s i s t o r t o d e t e r m i n e d i f f er en t m e a s ur em en t r a ng e a c c o r d i n g t o t h e s e t u p o f r a n g e 3 : 0 . r e s i st or i or i i r e p r es en t r e s p ec t i v e l y w h et h e r r e f e r e n c e r e s i s t o r i s par a l l e l w i t h t h e 1 0 m : r e si st o r . u nde r c a p a c i t or m ode , ar e a ne t w or k be co m e s cha r ge / d i scha r ge r e si s t or w i t h p o w e r supp l y . c a p a ci t o r i o r i i al s o r e pr e s e n t w h e t he r char ge / d i sch ar ge r e s i st or i s p a r a l l e l w i t h 1 0 m : r e si st o r . range m ode m o de 3 : 0 r a n g e 3: 0 onek 2: 0 t enk 2: 0 hunk 2: 0 onem 2: 0 t e n m 1: 0 range div ider 00x x abc d 0 a a 0 b b 0 c c 0 d d 0 e res i s t or i 1000 abc d a a a b b b c c c d d d f 1 res i s t or i i 1001 abc d a a a b b b c c c d d d f f capaci t or i 1010 abc d a a a b b b c c c d d d f 1 capaci t or i i 1011 abc d a a a b b b c c c d d d f f c har t 6 3 d e ca y n e t w o r k s w it ch . re v . 4 . 2 17/ 47
f s 970x 1 0 . 1. 1 a r ea n e t w o r k s w i t c h c o m b i n i ng ar e a ne t w or k sw i t ch t o an e x t e r nal h i gh - p r e ci si o n r e si st o r be co m e s a m e asu r e m e n t ne t w or k. i t t r an sf e r s t h e si g nal o f t h e se nso r i n t o sui t ab l e vol t age r a n g e f o r a d c an d m e a s ur e s t h e s i gna l . the f unc t i on de code r cont r o l s t h e m e asu r e m e n t r ange and on / o f f st at us. s e e g r a ph 5 and s e ct i o n 7. 1 f o r de t a i l s . t a k e dc5v as an e x am p l e , us i n g cha r t 6 a s r e f e r e nc e , s e t t ing m o de3: 0=0000 an d ran g e=0 001 will m a k e one k2: 0 =t e n k2 : 0 =hunk 2: 0= 000, one m 2 : 0 =01 1 , and t e n m 1: 0 = 01. w h e n co r r e s pondi ng t h i s v a l u e t o t h e a r e a ne t w or k o f t h e l o w - l e f t co r n e r o f g r ap h 5, al l t h e sw i t che s ar e unde r ope n st at u s e x ce pt f o r t e n m <0> , one m < 1> , and o n e m <2>. t hus , conne ct i n g t o an e x t e r nal r e si s t o r ne t w or k w i l l m a ke up a t e n- t i m e s de cay c i r c u i t t o achi e v e t h e de cay f unc t i on r e qui r e d by d c 5 v . 10. 2 f i x e d v o lt age g ener at or w h e n unde r cap a c i t y m e a s ur i n g , shor t t e st i n g , and r e si st or m e as ur i n g , a l l t h e r e qui r e d pow e r supp l y i s pr ov i d e d by t h i s b l ock . the out p u t o f t h i s b l ock i n c l ude s v c nt d , v s r c 1 , v c ap d1, v c ap d2, v c ap c2, v c apc1 , an d v r f h . the out put vol t age i s con t r o l l e d by vs r a nd tb d i v , as show n be l o w . v s r co m e s f r o m t h e de cod i ng of m o d e 3: 0 i npu t b y f unc t i on de code r . tb d i v can be di r e ct l y se t up by r e gi st e r . in p u t o u tp u t v s r t b di v v r f h v c apc 1 v c apc 2 v c apd2 v c a p d 1 v s r c 1 v c nt d 1 0 1. 2 v 0. 8 v 0. 64 v 0 . 56 v 0 . 4 v 0. 16 v 0. 04 v 1 1 3. 1 v 1. 58 v 1 . 65 v 1 . 45 v 1 . 52 v 0. 4 v 0. 1 v 0 x 0 v 0 v 0 v 0 v 0 v 0 v 0 v c har t 7. v o l t age output of fi x ed v o l t age gener at or . w h e n tb d i v = 0 , t h e bl ock r e f e r s t o t h e vol t age of r e fh , a s show n i n c h a r t 7, r e fh = 1 . 2 v . a nd i f r e fh = 0. 6v , t h e vo l t age ge ne r a t e d ar e 0. 6v , 0. 4 v , 0 . 32 v , 0 . 28 v , 0. 2 v , 0 . 08 v , and 0. 02 v . w h e n tb d i v = 1, i t r e f e r s t o t h e vol t a g e of v d d , as s how n i n c h a r t 7, w h i c h i s t h e vol t age out put of v d d vo l t age be i ng 3 . 1 v u nde r nor m a l co ndi t i on. v r f h i s t h e r e f e r e nce vol t age o f o h m pow e r supp l y w h e n m e asu r i n g r e si s t ance and cap a c i t y . v c ap c1 and v c apd1 a r e r e spe c t i ve l y t h e r e f e r e nce vo l t age o f cha r ge / d i s c har ge c o m p a r at or v c apc1 ( c ha r g i ng) and v a cpd1 ( d i scha r gi ng) w h e n m e asu r i n g cap a c i t y . v c apc2 an d v c ap d2 a r e t h e se cond se t o f r e f e r e nce vol t age o f char ge / d i sch ar ge c o m p a r at or . a ccor d i n g t o t h e m e asur i n g c a p a ci t y r ange , one se t of t h e r e f e r e nce vol t age can b e s e l e c t ed b y c a p m s e t u p of r e g i st er . ( s ee c h a r t 1 4 f o r d e t a i l s ) . v c n t d i s t h e r e f e r e n c e v o l t a g e of c o m p a r at or unde r sho r t t e st i n g . t h e r e i s no spe c i a l f unc t i on of v s r c 1, use r s can cus t o m i z e i t a ccor d i n g t o t h e i r ne e d s. re v . 4 . 2 18/ 47
f s 970x 10. 3 p o w e r s uppl y pow e r supp l y f l ow s d i r e ct l y i n t o de cay ne t w or k , pr ov i d i n g v o l t age as show n i n c h a r t 8. a m ong t h e m , cap is de t e r m i ne d b y f u n c t i on de code r . w h e n cap= 0, i t ? s no t u nde r c a p a ci t y m e asu r i n g m ode . fo r d m m app l i ca t i on , i t r e pr e s e n t s r e si st ance m e as ur e m e n t . a t t h i s t i m e , t h e out put of i s c o nt r o l l ed by s o s r 1 : 0, a s s h o w n i n c h ar t 8. s o s r 1 : 0 can be se t up by r e gi st e r . w h e n ca p = 1, i t ? s un de r c a p a ci t y m e as ur i n g m ode . a t t h i s t i m e , t h e ou t p u t of p o w e r s upp l y i s i r r e l e vant t o s o s r 1: 0, but con t r o l l e d by tb d i v a nd c a p t g . w h e n tb d i v = 0, v r f h i s ap pr ox . 1. 2 v , and t he char ge / d i sch ar ge vo l t age i s appr ox . 1 . 2 v . w h e n tb d i v = 1, v r f h i s app r o x . 3. 1 v ( v d d ) , a nd t he char ge / d i sch ar ge vo l t a g e i s a l so app r o x . 3. 1 v . thi s i m pr ove s t h e cha r ge / d i scha r ge spe e d of cap a c i t y m e asu r i n g . c a p t g i s t h e ou t p u t o f c o m p a r at or c m p 1 . i t con t r o l s t h e ch ar ge / d i sch ar ge se l e ct i on o f pow e r supp l y t o t h e m e asur i n g cap a c i t y . w h en o u t p ut i s v d d , t h e v o l t a g e i s t h e vo l t ag e o n t h e pi n s , w h i c h w i l l b e af f e c t ed b y o n / o f f r e s i st or s o n t h e p a th s o th e re a l v o lt a g e o f th e lo a d w i ll b e a f fe c t e d b y th e lo a d . w h e n ou t put i s ot he r t han v d d , t h e on / o f f r e si s t o r can be i g n o r e d be cause ope r a t i on a m p l i f i e r i s h i gh ga i n and ne gat i v e f e e dback. the r e al vo l t age of t h e l oad af f e ct e d b y t h e l oad can be i gno r e d as w e l l . u nde r a l l ki n d s o f out pu t , t h e m a x i m u m pow e r i s appr ox . r 1. 2 m a . in p u t o u tp u t ca p t b d i v c apt g so sr 1 : 0 o s r o 0 x x 0 0 hi gh im pendenc e 0 x x 0 1 a x 5 0 x x 1 0 v r f h 0 x x 1 1 v d d 1 0 0 x x v r f h ( r e f h) 1 0 1 x x a g n d 1 1 0 x x v r f h ( v dd) 1 1 1 x x a g n d c har t 8 3 ? p o w e r s uppl y tr ue- v a l ue c har t re v . 4 . 2 19/ 47
f s 970x 10. 4 m u l t i p l e x e r s and pr e- f i l t er thr ough m u l t i p l e xe r s su ch as i n h m u x , i n lm u x , v r h m u x and v r lm u x , se l e ct abl e a d c s i gna l s a r e fti n , i n l, v r h , and v r l. ft i n an d i n l f i r s t f l ow t h r oug h a r c pr e - f i l t e r , and t h e n i n t o f u l l d i f f e r e n t i a l a m p l i f i e r i n p u t i n h an d i n l of a d c . a t t h e s a m e t i m e , t h ey c a n b y pa s s t h e r c pr e- f i l t er a n d f l o w d i r e c t l y i n t o a d c t h r o ugh b p f tr an d ftr . e a ch out put p a t h i s d i r e ct l y c ont r o l l e d by r e gi st e r s . d e t a i l s ar e show n i n c har t 9 , c har t 10 , c h a r t 1 1 and c h a r t 12. n a m e sm v s d v s a s g n d sd b a c h ax5 ad r f s i n h 0 0 0 0 000 1 001 0 001 1 010 0 010 1 011 0 011 1 n a m e a c bo c m ph ax1 ax2 ax3 ax4 l b s n a s i n h 1 0 0 0 100 1 101 0 101 1 110 0 110 1 111 0 n a c har t 9 3 f t i n m u lt ip le xe r s se t u p n a m e s g n d sc v s d v ac l s d b ax2 ax3 ax4 s i n l 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 c har t 10 3 i n l m u lt ip le xe r s se t u p . n a m e ad r f sd v s m v ax3 s r f h 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 c har t 1 1 3 v r h m u lt ip le xe r s se t u p . n a m e a g n d sc v s d b sm v ax3 ax4 ag n d s r f l 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 c har t 12 3 vr l m u lt ip le xe r s se t u p . t h e s i g n a l i n t o t h e c o m par a t o r c a n b e s e l e c t ed b y com par a t or m u l t i p l e xer s ? c m p m u x . t h e pa t h i s c o nt r o l l ed by r e gi st e r s as w e l l , as show be l o w . n a m e s m v sd v s a ad r f ax1 ax2 vc n t d v s r c 1 s c mp h 0 0 0 0 000 1 001 0 001 1 010 0 010 1 011 0 011 1 n a m e v c apd 1 v c apd 2 v c apc 2 v c apc 1 s g n d a g n d v r h v r l s c mp h 1 0 0 0 100 1 101 0 101 1 110 0 110 1 111 0 111 1 c har t 13 3 c m p h m u lt ip le xe r s se t u p . re v . 4 . 2 20/ 47
f s 970x c p l i s t h e ne gat i v e i npu t of c m p 1 , con t r o l l e d by c ap, cnt d , s c m p l1: 0, c a p m , a n d c a p t g . d e t a i l s a r e show n in c h a r t 1 4 . w h e n cap=0 and cnt d = 0 , t h e ou t p u t o f c p l i s i r r e l e vant t o c a p m and c a p t g . i t i s di r e ct l y se l e ct e d by s c m p l1: 0. w h e n cap=0 and cn t d =1 , i t ? s unde r shor t t e st i n g m ode . the o u t p u t o f c p l i s f i x e d t o be v c nt d . w h e n cap=1 , i t ? s unde r cap a ci t o r m e a s ur i n g m ode . a t t h i s t i m e , t h e out put o f c p l i s i r r e l e vant t o cnt d an d s c m p l1: 0. w h e n c a p m =0 , i t m e an s l o w and m e di u m cap a c i t y m e a s ur i n g . t h e out pu t of c p l i s cont r o l l e d by c a p t g ; t h e y a r e v c apc 1 and v c ap d1. w h e n c a p m =1 , i t m e an s h i gh cap a c i t y m e asu r i ng. the ou t p u t o f c p l i s con t r o l l e d by c a p t g . the y ar e v c apc2 and v c apd 2. c a p 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 c n t d 0 0 0 0 1 x x x x s c mp l1: 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 x x x x x x x x x x c a p m x x x x x 0 0 1 1 i n p u t c a p t g x x x x x 0 1 0 1 o u t p u t c p l a g n d v s r c 1 v c apc 2 v r f h v c n t d v c apc 1 v c apd 1 v c apc 2 v c apd 2 c har t 14 3 c p l m u lt ip le xe r s se t u p . re v . 4 . 2 21/ 47
f s 970x 10. 5 o per at i on a m p l if i e r and co m par at or the bl ock co m pose d by o p e r at i on a m p l i f i e r and co m p ar a t or i n cl ude a c bu f f e r b l ock , f u l l - w ave r e ct i f i e r s b l oc k, and co m p a r at o r bl o c k . acdiv acbuf acen 90 k : 10 k : ac b ac a acdiv bpacbf cmph acbo agnd 38 37 g r aph 6. a c b u f f er bl oc k . a s show n i n g r a p h 6, buf f e r bl o c k i s co nt r o l l e d by a c b u f an d a c d i v . i t be co m e s a ga i n ne t w or k w h e n conne ct i n g w i t h an e x t e r nal r e si s t o r . w h e t he r a c b u f w o r k s o r n o t can be d i r e ct l y con t r o l l e d by a c e n . w h e n a c e n =0, i t t u r n s o f f t h e buf f e r and t h e o u t p u t be co m e s h i gh i m pe dance . s i gna l e n t e r s t h r o u gh c m p h , a nd f l ow s ou t f r o m a c b o o r t h e 37 th p i n acb . acd i v c a n a t t h e s a m e t i m e cont r o l s t h e gai n . i f a c d i v = 0 , t h e gai n of t h e buf f e r i s 1. i f a c d i v = 1, t h e ga i n o f t h e buf f e r i s de t e r m i n e d by t h e e x t e r nal ne t w or k r e s i st or . i n t y pi ca l a p pl i c a t i on c i r c u i t , t h e gai n be co m e s 10 . w h e n t h e ga i n i s 1 , t h e 100 kh z s i de w a ve f l ow i ng t h r ough t h e buf f e r w i l l be r e duce d t o l o w e r t h an 0 . 5 % . the bandw i d t h o f a c i s l i m i t e d by t h e f r e que ncy r e sponse of f u l l - w ave r e ct i f i e r . i f t h e s i gna l bandw i d t h i s h i ghe r t han100 k h z , l e t bp acbf=1, it will c han ge t h e out p u t s o ur c e t o t h e 38 th pi n ( a c a ) i n st e ad o f a c bu f f e r . extd extd 15 k : rctop rcten 15 k : 12.3 k : rctp rctn rcto aclo acho 38 40 41 43 42 g r aph 7. f u l l - w a v e r e c t i f i e r s w i t c h bl oc k ` re v . 4 . 2 22/ 47
f s 970x a s show n i n g r aph 7 , t h e a c s i gna l , i npu t t i n g f r o m r c t p and go i n g t h r ough t h e r e ct i f i e r , w i l l obt a i n a f u l l di f f e r e n t i a l a m pl i f i e r s i gna l f r o m a c h o and a c l o . i t w i l l t h e n be conne ct e d t o a n e x t e r nal r c l o w - p a s s f i l t e r ne t w or k t o do t h e a r i t h m e t i c ave r age . the r e sul t va l u e , a abs o l ut e ave r age a c / d c v o l t age , t h e n f l ow s i n t o a d c and d i sp l a y s . the f u l l - w a ve r e ct i f i e r o f fs 970x has bu i l t i n t h e r e qui r e d r e si st o r . a n d t h e r e ct i f i e r d i ode i s c ont r o l l e d b y e x t d t o se l e ct b u i l t - i n or e x t e r nal l y conne ct e d . w h e n e x t d = 0 , i t m e ans t h a t t h e ba ndw i d t h of t h e bu i l t - i n d i ode i s 3kh z unde r pr e c i s i o n o f 1 % . w h e n e x t d = 1, i t m e ans t h a t t h e bandw i d t h o f t h e e x t e r nal d i ode us i n g 1n 914 i s 10kh z unde r pr e c i s i o n o f 1% . i t can i n c r e a se s t h e ba ndw i d t h o f t h e r e ct i f i e r i f us i n g f a s t e r d i ode o r add i n g a hi gh - f r e que ncy co m p e n sa t i on ci r c u i t r y o f f u l l - w ave r e ct i f i e r . t h e e nabl e cap a b i l i t y o f t h e r e ct i f i e r i s c ont r o l l e d by r c t e n . w h en r c t e n i s l o , t u r n i n g o f f t h e o p e r a t i o n am pl i f i e r w i l l s a v e p o w er c o n s um pt i o n. cmp1 cmp1en enschmt cmph fcnt/ captg cpl cmp1 62 g r aph 8. c o mpar ator b l oc k - di agr am. a s show n i n g r ap h 8 , co m p a r at o r c m p 1 can di r e ct l y se t t h e e nabl e ac t i o n o f co nt r o l r e gi st e r c m p e n 1 . a n d t he s c h m i d t t r i gge r f unc t i on of t h e co m p a r a t or can be se l e ct e d by e nabl e e n s c h m t . w h e n e n s c h m t=0, t h e c o m par a t or ha s no d e l a y , su i t a b l e f o r c a pa ci t y m e a s ur e m en t . w h en e n s c h m t = 1, t h e c o m par at o r h a s t h e de l a y vo l t age o f appr ox . 0 . 1v rm s , su i t ab l e f o r f r e que ncy m e as ur e m e n t . the ne gat i v e i n p u t i s c p l , as show n i n c h a r t 14. the po s i t i ve i npu t i s c m p h , as s how n i n c har t 13 . the out pu t f l ow s d i r e ct l y i n t o f r e que ncy co unt e r t h r o u g h fc n t o r cont r o l s t h e char ge / d i s char ge f u nct i on o f cap a c i t y m e asu r e m e n t by c a p t g ( a s show n i n c har t 14 ) i t can a l so be t r a n sf e r r e d t h r o ugh p i n 62 ( s m p 1) by a r e ve r s e r or t h e l ogi c v a l u e c an be ob t a i n e d by t h e con t r o l r e gi st e r . ( a s show n c h a r t 18 ) . 10. 5 . 1 b andw i d t h o f a c s i gna l a ccor d i n g t o se ct i o n 7 . 5 ? w h e n p r ov i d i ng a ppr o p r i a t e f r e que ncy co m p e n sat i on t o de cay ne t w or k , fs 970x ch i p can d i r e ct l y p r oce ss t h e a c si gn al unde r t h e f r e que ncy o f a p p r ox . 10 0 kh z . i f t h e bandw i d t h o f a c si g nal i s ove r 100 kh , t h e a d buf f e r a c b u f of fs 970x w i l l be unabl e t o p r oce s s . thu s , s e t t i n g bp acbf = 1 , t h e h i g h - fr e q u e n c y s i g n a l will b y p a s s t h e ac b u f f e r , a n d fl o w o u t d i r e c t l y f r o m aca, a s show n i n t h e up pe r l e f t co r n e r o f g r aph . h o w e ve r , w h e n t h e bandw i d t h o f t h e s i gna l i s hi ghe r t han 1 m h z , i f t h e s i gna l f l ow s f r o m s d v , t h r ough cm phm u x t o aca , t h e o n / o f f r e s i s t o r a n d p a r a s t i c c a p a c t o n t h e p a t h will d e c a y t h e h i g h - f r e q u e n c y s i g n a l dr a m at i c a l l y , cau s i ng p r ob l e m s t o f r e que ncy r e sponse . t h e r e f o r e , wh e n p r o c e s s i n g ac s i g n a l h i g h e r t h a n 1 m h z , s e t t i n g m o de3 : 0 = 0 0 1 1 will m a k e e n d v o = 1 . a t t h i s t i m e , t h e s i gn al o f s d v , t h r ough t h e c m o s sw i t c h con t r o l l e d by e ndvo , f l ow s d i r e ct l y ou t f r o m d v o , a s show n i n t h e uppe r l e f t co r n e r o f g r aph 5. re v . 4 . 2 23/ 47
f s 970x 1 1 . a n a l og to d i g i ta l conv e r te r ( a d c ) 11. 1 t he oper at i ng t heor y o f 6 - ' a dc thi s h i gh - r e sol u t i on a d c adapt s t h e m odu l a t i on of de l t a an d s i g m a. i t sa m p l e s t h e c onse c ut i v e an al og i npu t si gna l by t h e sa m p l i ng f r e que ncy o f f a r h i ghe r f r e que ncy w i d t h i npu t s i gna l . i t w i l l t h e n be conve r t e d i n t o o n e - b i t c o d e by t h e m o d u l a t i o n of d e l t a a nd si gm a . i t t h en f i l t er s t h e hi g h - f r e q u e n c y n o i s e of - ? c o n v er t e r by t h e di g i t a l f i l t e r i n t h e chi p . i t be co m e s h i gh - r e so l u t i on di g i t a l co di ng t o be appl i e d i n h i gh - r e sol u t i on d m m . b e si de s, t h i s ki n d o f con v e r t e r on l y pe r f or m s a 1 - b i t t r ans f e r on t h e ana l o g - e nd; t h e r e f or e , i t ? s w i t h be t t e r l i ne ar c har ac t e r i s t i c s . the s i gna l i npu t and r e f e r e nc e v o l t age i npu t will be f u ll dif f e r e n t i al a m p l if i e r input , wit h good c m r r , w h i c h can r e j e ct t h e co m m on m ode si gna l . analog integrator digital low pass decimation filter comparator ???a ?? v in d out 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1,.... v ref , -v ref , -v ref , v ref , v ref , v ref ,... dac g r aph 9. - ? a d c c onc ept di agr a m . a s show n i n g r a ph 9 , - ? a d c i n c l ude s an ana l o g di f f e r e n t o r , an i n t e gr a t o r , and a c o m p a r at or , a one - b i t a d c and a di gi t a l l o w - p a ss f i l t e r . the ana l o g i npu t s i gna l i s t a ke n f r o m t h e con s e c ut i v e l y sa m p l e d i npu t , and de duct i t d i r e ct l y f r o m t h e e x p e ct e d vol t a g e . the d i f f e r e n ce w i l l t h e n f l ow i n t o ana l o g i n t e gr a t o r , t h e n p r oduc t a p r ed i c t e d di gi t a l b y t h e c o m par a t o r . i t w i l l t h en b e c o n v er t e d t o t h e exp e c t ed v o l t a g e + v re f or ? v re f by a d c , r e ve r s e l y f e e d i n t o t h e i n t e gr a t o r t o ge t a st a b l e ne ga t i ve f e edback . the i n t e gr at o r has u n l i m i t e d ga i n t o d c ; t h e r e f or e , i f t h e spe e d of change o f i npu t si gna l i s f a r s m a l l e r t han t h e spe e d of sa m p l i ng , t h e ave r age of t he ex pe ct e d vol t age si gna l of t h e - ? c onve r t e r w i l l be ve r y cl o s e t o t h e i npu t s i gna l . i t ? s co ns i d e r e d e qui val e nt unde r ce r t a i n r e sol u t i on. thu s , t h e one - b i t di g i t a l conve r t e d f r o m t h e co m p ar a t or i s e qual t o t h e ana l og si gna l val u e r v r e f. t h er ef o r e, t a k e t h e o n e - b i t di gi t a l a n d p e r f or m an a r i t hm e t i c al a v er a g e b y t h e d i gi t a l f i l t er t o g e t a hi gh - r e sol u t i on - ? di gi t a l . 11. 2 t r ans f e r f unc t i on & non- i deal a f f e c t x v adc ref v x d g r aph10. a d c . a s sh ow n i n g r aph 10 , t h e r e ar e t w o se t s of i npu t and one s e t of ou t p u t i n a d c ? vo l t age i npu t , re fe re n c e vol t age i npu t , an d a d c out put . the i d e a l t r ans f e r f unc t i on i s : x v ref v x d v f o rmu l a 3 ...................................................... ref x x v g d u ' ' g r e p r es en t s t h e g a i n v a l u e o f t h e a d c . ho we v e r , t h e adc i n r e a l i t y i s n o t i d e a l. t h e r e l a ti o n s h i p is : f o rmu l a 4 ................................................... ref os ref x ref os x x v v g v v g v v v g d u u u ' ' ' re v . 4 . 2 24/ 47
f s 970x ' g and v r e pr e s e n t r e spe c t i ve l y t h e gai n and t h e of f s e t vol t age of a d c . the y can bo t h be af f e ct e d dur i ng m anu f a c t ur i n g , and va r y e v e r y s i ng l e ch i p os u nde r m o s t o f t h e appl i c a t i o ns o f a d c , r e f e r e nce vol t age i s a f i x e d val u e . a d c co nve r t s t h e var i ab l e vol t age i n t o an e qui va l e nt val u e as . e x a m p l e s ar e a c / d c v o l t age m e asu r e m e n t an d a c / d c cu r r e ncy m e asu r e m e n t o f d m m . i n t h i s k i nd o f ap pl i c a t i on, r e f e r e nce vol t age i s f i x e d; t hus, for m ul a 4 c a n b e si m p l i f i ed as: rrf v x v rrf v f o rmu l a 5 ...................................................... os ref x x d v v g d u ' os d i s a f i x ed v a l ue. h o w e ve r , i n t h e appl i c a t i on o f d m m , t h e m o s t of t e n use d t y pe of m e a s ur e m e n t o f r e si s t or i s sca l e - t y pe m e a s ur e m en t . t h e r e f e r e n c e v o l t ag e w i l l va r y w i t h r e si s t o r , not a f i x e d val u e . for m ul a 5 w i l l no t r e f l e c t t h e act ual s i t uat i o n , and ne e d s t o be m o d i f i e d as : ref v f o rmu l a 6 ...................................................... x os ref x ref os ref x x r d r r g v d v v g d u ' ' w h er ea s, ref os v d i s t h e f u n c t i on o f r e f e r e nce vol t age . i n t h e app l i c a t i on o f t h e m e asur e m e n t o f s c al e - t y pe r e s i s t o r s , we wi ll l e a r n th a t x os r d is r e la te d to r e s i s t o r . x r fs 970x i n cl ude s t w o k i nd s of a d c ou t put : h i gh - r e sol u t i on , l o w - spe e d and l o w - r e sol u t i on, hi g h - s pe e d . u nde r hi gh - r e sol u t i on , l o w - spe e d out pu t , t h e of f s e t vo l t a g e has be en e l i m i n a t e d . i t s t r ans f e r f unc t i on conve r t s f r o m t h e i d e a l l i ne ar f r o m fo r m u l a 3 . u nde r l o w - r e sol u t i on , hi gh- spe e d out pu t , t h e of f s e t vo l t age st i l l e x i s t s . the t r a n s f er f u nc t i o n c o m e s f r om ei t h er fo r m ul a 5 or for m ul a 6, accor d i n g t o d i f f e r e n t con d i t i on. s e e c hapt e r 8 f o r d e t a ils . 11. 3 f unc t i on g a i n s e t up 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.1 + adg<0> adg<1> adg<2> adg<3> v in to adc signal input 1.0 0.25 + adg<4> adg<5> v ref to adc reference input a b c d x y g r aph 1 1 . f s 97 0x g a i n s e tup. a s show n i n g r aph 1 1 , t h e i nput o f fs 970x a d c i n c l ude s f o ur d i f f e r e n t ga i n p a t h s. the y a r e i nde pe nde nt l y cont r o l l e d by a d g < 3 : 0> ( 4 bi t s ) of t h e r e gi s t e r . the i n p u t of r e f e r e nce vol t age i n c l ude s t w o d i f f e r e n t g a i n p a t h s. the y ar e i nde pe nde nt l y co nt r o l l e d by a d g < 5 : 4>( 2 bi t s ) o f t h e r e gi s t e r . a l l t h e gai n v a l u e s a r e appr ox i m a t i o n . p r e c i s e ga i n va l u e s a r e onl y a v ai l a b l e af t e r cal i br at i o n . re v . 4 . 2 25/ 47
f s 970x w i t h sui t abl e ga i n op t i on cont r o l , al l ki n d s o f m e as ur e m e n t c an be appl i e d t o t h e be st dyn a m i c r a n g e of a d c . c har t 15 show s t h e se t up of t h r e e t y pi ca l f unc t i ons and a d g < 5: 0> i n t h e app l i cat i on o f d m m . 1 st f unc t i on 2 nd f unc t i on 3 rd f unc t i on a d g < 5: 0> 0 1 _ 0 0 1 1 1 1 _ 0 1 1 1 1 1 _ 1 0 0 0 r e f e r enc e volt ag e g a i n t t t t t t ref x refi sigi x v v g g d u the r e f e r e nce vol t age o f e a ch f unc t i on and t h e ga i n appr ox i m at i o n o f t h e i n p u t vo l t age ar e sh ow n i n c h a r t 1 5 . the act u a l pr e c i s e g a i n va l u e and of f s e t vo l t age shou l d be ob t a i n e d f r o m ca l i b r a t i on. 11. 4 di git a l f i l t er a s show n i n g r ap h 9, t h e 1 - b i t o u t p u t f r o m t h e co m p ar at o r m u st go t h r ough a d i g i t a l l o w - p a s s f i l t e r and pe r f or m c a l c ul at i o n si m i l a r t o ar i t hm e t i c a v er a g e t o b e c o m e a hi g h - r e s o l u t i o n m u l t i - bi t r e s o l u t i o n . th e t r a n s f e r f u nc t i o n of d i g i t a l f i l t e r u s e d by 970x i s : f o rmu l a 8 hf n nf f ff s s ? 1 ? ? 1 2 2 si n si n s s w h er ea s, n i s t h e n u m b er of t h e f i l t er ( t a p ) . a ssu m i ng t h e sa m p l i ng f r e que ncy o f t h e a d c i s 166kh z an d t h e nu m b e r o f t h e f i l t e r i s 16 600, t h e f r e que ncy r e sponse g r aph of t h e f i l t e r i s show n as g r a ph 9 . t h e f i r s t z e r o - p o i n t w oul d be f ound at : f o rmu l a 9 re v . 4 . 2 26/ 47
f s 970x t h er e a r e t w o t h i s k i n d o f pr o g r am m a bl e di gi t a l f i l t er s i n fs 970x , n a m e l y , c o m b 1 and c o m b 2 . the i r ou t put i s s u m 1 and s u m 2 r e spe c t i ve l y . the nu m b e r o f c o m b 1i s hi ghe r , of t e n use d t o m e asu r e hi g h r e sol u t i on. a n d t h e nu m b e r of c o m b 2 i s l o w e r ; i t s h i gh - s pe e d , l o w - r e sol u t i o n out pu t can be use d o n pe ak- h o l d sa m p l i ng and a nal og ba r gr aph . 10 0 10 1 10 2 -160 -140 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 hz db ? g r aph 12 ? d i gi tal fi l t er f r equenc y r e s pons e of 970x the nu m b e r s o f c o m b 1 and c o m b 2 ar e bot h pr ogr a m m a b l e . the y c an be se t b y tp s 1 and tp s 2 r e spe c t i ve l y , as show n i n c h a r t 16 . t a k i ng t h e sa m p l i n g f r e que ncy of 166 . 7 kh z as an e x am p l e , t h e l o ca t i o n of t h e fi rs t z e ro -p o i n t is c a lc u l a t e d a s c h a r t 1 7 . the act ual r e sol u t i on o f e a ch st a t us i s de f i ne d b y t h e ac t u a l m e a s ur e m en t . co m b 1 tp s 1 c o m b 2 tp s 2 tp s x <1 :0 > nu m b e r n 1 st 0- po i n t f r equenc y hz num ber n 1 st 0- po i n t f r equenc y hz 1 1 1 6 3 8 4 10. 1 7 2 5 6 651. 1 7 1 0 8 1 9 2 20. 3 4 1 2 8 1302. 3 4 0 1 4 0 9 6 40. 6 8 6 4 2604. 6 8 0 0 2 0 4 8 81. 4 0 3 2 5209. 3 8 c har t 16. d i gi tal f i l t er number s e tup and 1 st z e r o - poi nt l o c a ti on f s = 166.7 k h z . b e cause of t h e de l a y o f t h e di gi t a l f i l t e r , t h e bandw i d t h of t h e si gn al pul se nee ds t o be gr e a t e r t han f our - t i m e s out pu t pe r i od o f t h e i npu t s i gna l o f a d c . for e x am p l e , w h e n se t tp s 2 t o 00, t h e ou t put pe r i od of c o m b 2 w i l l be : f o rmu l a 1 0 .................................................... us 192 sec 5209 1 = . the r e f or e , t h e p u l s e b andw i d t h of t h e i n p u t s i gna l m u st be gr e a t e r t han ms 769 . 0 us 192 4 = so t hat t h e val u e can be e f f e ct i v e l y conve r t e d by a d c . w h e n t h e sa m p l i n g f r e que ncy ( f s ) i s 166 . 7 kh z , t h e ou t put r e adi n g of s u m 2 f r o m c o m b 2 can de t e ct t o t h e s m a l l e st pu l s e ban d w i d t h and tp s 2 , as show n i n c h a r t 17 . t p s 2 < 1 : 0 > 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 o u t put f r equenc y 5. 2 k h z 2. 6 k h z 1. 3 k h z 0. 65 k h z d e t e c t abl e s m al l e s t pu ls e b a n d w i d t h 0. 769 m s 1. 53 m s 3. 06 m s 6. 12 m s c har t 17. t he r e l a ti ons hi p betw een detec tabl e s m al l e s t pul s e bandw i d th and t p s 2 . re v . 4 . 2 27/ 47
f s 970x 11. 5 readi ng and oper at i on o f a dc a s de scr i b e d i n 8 . 2, t h e c i r c u i t r y o f fs 970x a d c m i gh t dr i f t and ca use s an of f s e t vo l t age be cause o f m anu f a c t ur i n g pr oce ss. t h i s m i gh t cause va r i an ce t o t h e r e adi ng of a d c . t o e l i m i n a t e t h e of f s e t var i an ce , i t ? s ne ce ssar y t o change t h e se t u p c y s < 1: 0> o f r e gi st e r s e t a d c . the r e ar e t h r e e di f f e r e n t w o r k i n g m ode s. the s e m ode s i n f l ue nce t h e r e adi ng and ope r a t i on o f h i gh - r e s o l u t i o n an d l o w - r e sol u t i on. the y a r e de scr i b e d as be l o w : 1 1 . 5. 1 hi gh- r e s o l u t i on, l o w - s peed out put w h e n c y s < 1: 0> =00, t h e i npu t o f a d c be co m e s s hor t ; t h e n , w e can r e ad t h e ne gat i v e va l u e of of f s e t vo l t a g e of adc fr o m sum 1 . w h e n c y s < 1: 0>=1 1, t h e e qui va l e nt d i g i t va l u e o f t h e vo l t age can be r e ad f r o m s u m 1 , a s s how n i n for m ul a 5. w h e n c y s < 1 : 0>=0 1, t h e n , t h e r e adi ng va l u e o f s u m 1 i s e qual t o t h e i d e a l r e adi ng of l i ne ar a d c o f t h e vo l t age . i t s t r ans f e r f unc t i on i s show n as fo r m ul a 3. i t ca n be u s e d f o r al l t h e m e as ur e m e n t f o r h i gh r e sol u t i on . w h e n c y s < 1: 0> z 01 , t h e out p u t f r e que ncy of s u m 1 i s t h e f i r s t z e r o - p o i nt f r e que ncy of c o m b 1 , as show n i n fo r m ul a 9 . w h en c y s < 1 : 0 > = 0 1, t h e o u t p ut f r eq u e n c y eq ua l s 1 z f 2 1 z f . re v . 4 . 2 28/ 47
f s 970x 1 1 . 5. 2 low - r e s o l u t i on, hi gh- s peed out put w h e n c y s < 1: 0> =00, t h e i npu t o f a d c be co m e s s hor t ; t h e n , w e can r e ad t h e ne gat i v e va l u e of of f s e t vo l t a g e of a d c f r om s u m 2 . i t c a n b e u s ed s e lf- c a l ib r a t i o n . os d w h e n c y s < 1: 0> =1 1, t h e e qui v a l e nt di g i t v a l u e o f t h e vol t age can be r e ad f r o m s u m 2 , as s how n i n for m ul a 5. i t can be use d f o r pe ak- h o l d sa m p l i ng m e a s ur e m e n t . w h e n c y s < 1 : 0>= 01, t h e t r ans f e r f u nct i on of l o w r e sol u t i on out pu t s u m 2 shou l d be co m e ( a r e vi si o n f r o m for m ul a 5) f o rmu l a 9 .......................... > < ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? + > < ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? + = interrupt read sum2<15:0> sum2<0>=1 sum2<0>=0 wait for next interrupt cal and display g r aph 13. t h e fl ow - c har t of oper ati on and di s p l a y of fas t a d c outpu t. the out pu t f r e que ncy of f a st a d c i s t h e sa m e a s t h e f i r s t z e r o - poi n t f r e que ncy o f c o m b 2. w h e n sa m p l i ng f r e que ncy =166 kh z , i f se t tp s 2 <1: 0 >=1 1, t h e n , t h e ou t put f r e que ncy w i l l be a bout 650 h z . s f re v . 4 . 2 29/ 47
f s 970x 1 1 . 5. 3 s c al e- t y pe r e s i s t anc e m eas ur em ent and a nal og b a r g r aph fs 970x i s e qui ppe d w i t h f a s t a d c ou t p u t s u m 2 . i n t h e appl i c a t i on of d m m , i t can be use d f o r a n a l og b a rg ra p h d i s p l a y . h o w e ve r , as show n i n fo r m u l a 6, w h e n pe r f o r m i ng t h e sca l e - t ype r e si st or m e as ur e m e n t , t h e r e f e r e nce vol t age of f e e d i ng a d c i s no l onge r a co nst a n t va l u e . thu s , t h e e qui val e nt di gi t a l va l u e of t h e o f f s e t vo l t age i s no l onge r a c onst a n t va l u e , e i t h e r . i t var i e s w i t h r e si st or . t h e m e t hod o f de duct i on of w h e n pe r f or m i ng t he cal c u l a t i on, as de scr i b e d i n s e ct i o n 8 . 5. 2, i s no l onge r ade quat e . os d os d a s show n i n g r aph 14 , t h e r e f e r e nce vol t age be l o w 5 m ? va r i e s be t w ee n t h e r ange of 0 . 8 v ~ 1 . 2 v . a cco r d i ng to f o r m ul a 4 , th e w i l l var y d r a m a t i c al l y , an d c ause pr obl e m s t o t h e a nal og b a r g r aph . os d g e ne r a l l y spe a ki ng , t h e a n a l og b a r g r aph d i sp l a y i s appr ox . 50 d i g i t s . the a ccu r a cy r e qui r e m e nt i s not s t r i c t ; t h u s , t h e pr o b l e m ca n b e s o l v ed b y u s i n g s e c t i o n a p p r o xi m a t i on . t h at i s t o s a y , w h en m eas u r i n g t h e r e s i st or , t h e ope r a t i on of t h e a nal og b a r g r aph can be pr oce sse d unde r t h e f o l l ow i ng t h r e e cond i t i o n s : ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? a?? ??3 ?3t ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? g r aph 14. t h e c onv er ti ng v o l t age r ange of s c a l e - t y pe r e s i s t or meas ur ement. the 1 st co ndi t i o n i s l o w r e s i s t ance u nder 5 k ? . the can be obt a i ne d by se t t i n g t h e r e f e r e nce vo l t age e qui val e nt t o 0 . 8 v . the 0. 8 v can be ge ne r a t e d by t h e f i x e d vo l t age ge ne r a t o r i n t h e ch i p . ( a s show n i n c h a r t 7) , t h r o u gh a c b u f ou t p u t , c onne ct i n g t o a x 3 and t h e n i n t o v r h . o r o b t a i n e d t h r ough a c b u f , conne ct i n g t o a x 5, t h r oug h pow e r supp l y , an d r e t u r n i n g t o v r h . os d the 2 nd condi t i on i s m i dd l e r e s i st ance be t w een 50 k ? ~ 5 m ? . the can be obt a i ne d by se t t i n g t he r e f e r e nce vol t age e qui val e nt t o 1. 0 v . u nde r t h i s co ndi t i o n , t h e val u e , j u s t l i ke t h e ot he r m e asu r i ng v a l u e, c a n b e p r oc es s e d b y t h e s a m e par am et er . os d os d os d the 3 rd cond i t i o n i s h i gh r e s i st ance ? 5 0 m ? . b e cause t h e var i ous r a n g e of t h e r e f e r e nce vol t age i s t oo g r ea t , t h e v a l u e o f can be e a si l y u s e an app r o x i m a t e nu m b e r . the r e f or e i t can be obt ai ne d b y r e duci n g t h e b a r g r apg d i sp l a y spe e d and u s i n g t h e r e ad i n g of t h e h i gh r e sol u t i on ou t p u t , o r r e duce t h e d i g i t o f t he b a r g r a ph t o 10 or 20 di gi t . os d b y us i ng t h e m e t hod i l l us t r a t e d i n t h i s se ct i on t o se t t h e r e f e r e nce vol t age be t w ee n 0. 8 v an d 1 . 0v w h e n cu t i n t h e r e s i s t or f i l e a n d c a l i b r a t e t h e of un de r 5 k ? and 50 k ? ~ 5 m ? r e s p ec t i v e l y . a c c o r d i n g t o di f f er en t m e asu r e m e n t r ange t o se l e ct d i f f e r e n t . the n us i n g t h e ca l c ul a t i on s how n i n 8. 5 . 2 , w e can co m p l e t e t h e cal c u l a t i on of 50 di gi t of f a st b a r g r a p h d i sp l a y . os d os d re v . 4 . 2 30/ 47
f s 970x 11. 6 t he con v er s i on o f d i git a l o u t put & e quiv a l ent v o lt age t a ke t h e hi gh r e so l u t i on d i g i t a l ou t p u t of fs 9 70x , t h e o u t p ut , s u m 1 <2 3: 0> , i s t h e co m p e n sat i on val u e of 2/ 24b i t s . w h e r e a s, s u m 1 <2 3> i s t h e sy m b o l bi t ? ? 0 ? = pos i t i v e , and ? 1 ? = ne gat i v e . the f l oa t i ng poi nt l o cat e s be t w ee n s u m 1 <22> and s u m 1 <21> . a ssu m i ng s u m 1 <23 : 0>=00 10_1000 _0000_0 000_00 00_0000 , t h e e qui va l e nt f l oat i n g po i n t c a l c ul at i o n i s : f o rmu l a 10 625 . 0 125 . 0 5 . 0 2 0 ...... 2 0 2 0 2 1 2 0 2 1 0000 _ 0000 _ 0000 _ 0000 _ 1000 _ 10 . 00 1 sum 22 5 4 3 2 1 u u u u u u a s s u m i n g s u m 1 < 2 3 : 0 > = 1 1 0 1 _ 1111 _ 1111 _ 1111 _ 1111 _ 1111 , t h e e q u i v a l e n t f l o a t i n g p o i n t c a l c u l a t i o n i s : f o rmu l a 11 5000002384 . 0 2 1 ...... 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 1 ( ) 0001 _ 0000 _ 0000 _ 0000 _ 0000 _ 10 . 00 ( 1111 _ 1111 _ 1111 _ 1111 _ 1111 _ 01 . 11 1 22 4 3 2 1 u u u u u sum a s show n i n fo r m ul a 3, w h e n t h e gai n g e qual s t h e i d e a l val u e 1, t h e r e f e r e nce vol t age v e qual s 1. 00000 v . f r o m t h e r e adi n g o f a d c 001 0_1000_ 0000_00 00_ 0000_000 , t h e vo l t age ca n be ca l c u l a t e d as : ' ref v 62500 . 0 625 . 0 1 v 00000 . 1 ' u u x ref x d g v v . w h e n t h e r e adi ng of a d c i s 1 101_ 1111 _ 1111 _ 1111 _ 1111 _ 111 1 , t h e v o l t a g e c a n b e c a l c u l a t e d a s : v 50000 . 0 5000002384 . 0 1 v 00000 . 1 ' u u x ref x d g v v . ho we v e r , in r e a l i t y , t h e val u e af f e ct e d by t h e d r i f t i ng o f t h e pr oce ss, w i l l n o t e qual t o 1 . i t w i l l va r y a ppr ox . . a t th e s a m e ti m e , th e re fe re n c e v o lt a g e , af f e ct e d by t h e r e f e r e nce pow e r and d i v i di ng r e si st ance , w i l l not e qual t o 1 . 0000 0v . the r e f or e , t h e ga i n va r i a n ce s f r o m t h e co m p one nt s have t o be cal i b r a t e d . ' g % 1 r ref v 11. 7 t he dif f e r ent out put c ode o f dif f e r ent m odel s fs 970x ch i p se r i e s has t h r e e m ode l s w i t h d i f f e r e n t r e sol u t i on, 5 , 000 di g i t s , 2 0 , 0 0 0 d i gi t s , and 5 0 , 0 0 0 d i gi t s . the di g i t ou t p u t c ode s ar e as f o l l ow s : i n t h e 5, 000 d i g i t s o r 50 , 000 d i g i t s m ode l s , w h e n t h e abso l u t e val u e of s u m 1 , and t h e s u m 1 <21: 18> i s gr e a t e r t han 1010 , t h e n , t h e s u m 1 <21 : 18>w i l l sa t u r a t e t o 1111 . a n d t h e e q u i v a l e n t v o l t a g e o f s u m 1 < 2 1 : 1 8 > = 1 0 1 0 w i l l be appr ox . 0. 62 5v . i n t h e 20, 000 m ode l , w h e n t h e abso l ut e va l u e of s u m 1 , and t h e s u m 1 <21: 18> i s gr e a t e r t han 01 01, t h e n , t he s u m 1 < 2 1 : 1 8 > w i l l s a t u r a t e t o 1111 . a n d t h e e q u i v a l e n t v o l t a g e o f s u m 1 < 2 1 : 1 8 > = 1010 w i l l be a ppr ox . 0 . 3125 v . i n t h e 5 , 000 di g i t m ode l , t h e d i gi t a l ou t p u t o f s u m 1 <5: 1 > i s a const a n t 00000 . 11. 8 o t her cont r o l s e t t i n g e n a d ( a dg < 7 > ) i s t h e enabli ng s i gnal o f a d c . i t t u r n s on t he a dc w hen v a l u e = 1 , and t u r n s of f t h e a dc w hen v a l ue= 0. i t s a v e s t he pow er c ons u m p t i on s e t t i ng t h e v a l ue t o 0. re v . 4 . 2 31/ 47
f s 970x 12. d i g i t a l si g n a l pr o ces s e x ce pt di g i t a l f i l t e r , t h e di gi t a l s i gna l p r oce ss of fs 970x i n cl ude s f r e que ncy co unt e r and pe ak- h o l d sa m p l i ng pr oce ss. 12. 1 f r equenc y c ount er the f r e que ncy cou n t e r o f fs 970x i s c o m p ose d of t i m e - base d coun t e r and s i gna l coun t e r . the phys i c a l va l ue of t h e t a r g e t can be ca l c u l a t e d f r o m t h e s e t w o c ount e r s . the p h ysi cal va l u e s o f t h e t a r g e t ha ve si gn al f r e que ncy and du t y c y c l e . i t i s de t e r m i n e d by t h e d t o n . i t pe r f or m s t h e f r e que ncy count e r w h e n se t t i ng i t as ? l o ? and p e r f o r m s d u t y c y c l e m e a s ur em en t w h en s e t t i n g t o as ? h i ? . w h e n pe r f o r m i ng t h e f r e que ncy coun t e r m e as ur e m e n t , i t ne eds t h e r e f e r e nce t i m e p u l s e si gna l f t b , as s how n i n g r aph 4 . the f r e que ncy of t h e t a r g e t can be obt a i ne d f r o m t h e f o l l ow i n g f o r m u l a : f o rmu l a 1 2 f k k f in si g sg tb tb u w h er ea s k sg an d k tb ar e t h e val u e s of si g nal coun t e r a nd t i m e - b a s e d count e r r e spe c t i ve l y . f tb i s t he f r e que ncy o f r e f e r e nce si gnal , as show n i n c h a r t 3 . f in s i g i s t h e f r e que ncy of t h e t a r g e t si g nal . w h en p e r f or m i n g t h e d u t y c y c l e m e a s ur em en t , t h e r e l a t i o n s hi p b e t w een t h e d u t y c y c l e d t in s i g and k sg i k tb is a s fo l l o w : f o rmu l a 1 3 dt k k in si g dt tb u 1 00% y ou m a y ha ve not i c e d t hat t h e va l u e i s i nde pe nde nt f r o m t h e r e f e r e nce t i m e pu l s e f r e que ncy . 12. 2 t he r eadi ng pr oc es s of f r equenc y c ount er b o t h c o nt r o l s o f f r eq u e n c y m e a s ur e m en t a n d d u t y c y c l e m eas u r e m en t ar e t h e m o t i on of t h e f r eq u e n c y c o u n t e r th ro u g h f q r s t _ . w h e n fi rs t s e tt in g f q r s t _ to 0 , a n d t h e n re s e ttin g i t to 1 , it w i ll tr ig g e r t h e a c tio n o f f r e que nc y c oun t e r . i t w i ll c o m p l e t e t h e c oun t i ng i n a ppr ox . 0 . 2 s e c onds . i t will a l s o a d v i c e t h e m i c r opr oc e s s o r t o r e a d . a f t e r t h e r e a d i n g of k t b a n d k s g , t h e va l u e c a n b e c a l c u l at ed f r om fo r m ul a 12 or for m ul a 13 . the n , r e pe at t h e r e se t t o ge t t h e ne w va l u e of t h e ne x t m e asu r e m e n t , and so f o r t h and so on . h o w e ve r , w h e t he r pr oce sse d by t h e i n t e r r u p t or pol l i ng af t e r t h e r e se t of t h e coun t e r , t h e i n t e r r u p t st a t us bi t i s se t t o 1 , m e an i ng t h e count i ng i s c o m p l e t e d. h o w e ve r , w h e n usi ng t h e f r e que ncy count e r o f fs 97 0x ch i p , and w h e n e n t e r i ng t h e coun t e r m e asu r e m e n t , af t e r t h e f i r s t r e se t , i t sh oul d r e ad t h e va l u e s o f k t b an d k s g . i t d o e s n ? t n eed t o pr o c es s t h e v a l u es . th er ea f t er , i t s t a r t s t h e r e a d i n g pr o c es s of t h e i n t e r r u p t s t at u s bi t s . re v . 4 . 2 32/ 47
f s 970x 12. 3 p eak - hol d s a m p l i n g pr oc es s a s show n i n t h e c har t 17 , t h e r e adi ng of t h e out pu t v a l u e of f a s t a d c m e e t s t h e r e qui r e m e nt o f p o si t i ve ne gat i v e pe ak- h o l d o f pu l s e bandw i d t h m e asu r i ng i n a m a t t e r of na r o - s e c ond. the pe ak- h o l d s a m p l i ng l o g i c o f fs 970x ac ce pt s t h e con t r o l of p k h r s t . i t use s t h e s u m 2 as an i npu t . i t co m pose d o f t h e pos i t i v e - ne gat i v e pe ak- hol d co m p ar i s o n de vi ce and t h e pos i t i v e - ne gat i v e pe ak- hol d r e gi s t e r . w h e n p k h r s t_ e qual s 0 , t h e pos i t i v e pe ak- h o l d r e gi s t e r ( p o s p k ) and t h e ne gat i v e pe ak- h o l d r e gi st e r (n e g p k ) w i ll b e re s e t to th e mo s t n e g a t iv e a n d p o s i t i v e v a l u e re s p e c ti v e ly . w h en p k h r s t i s s e t t o h i , t h e d i gi t c o m par i s o n d e v i c e w i l l c o m par e t h e v a l u e o f s u m 2 w i t h t h e v a l u e o f t h e pos i t i v e pe ak - hol d r e gi s t e r ( p o spk) and t h e ne gat i v e pe ak - h ol d r e gi s t e r ( n e g pk) . w h e n t h e v a l u e o f su m 2 i s gr e a t e r t han t h e va l u e of t h e posi t i v e pe ak- hol d r e gi s t e r , t h e val u e of t h e pos i t i v e pe ak- h o l d r e gi s t e r w i l l be updat e d , ot he r w i s e it will r e m a in t h e s a m e . w h e n t h e v a l u e o f sum 2 i s s m all e r t han t h e v a l u e of t h e ne gat iv e pe ak - hol d r e gi s t e r , t h e v a l u e of t h e ne gat iv e pe ak - hol d r e gis t e r will be updat e d , o t he r wis e i t w i l l r e m a i n t he sa m e . the r e f or e , af t e r r e se t t i ng t h e pe ak- h o l d sa m p l i ng l ogi c, se t p k h r s t_ e qual 1 , and t h e i n t e r r upt st a t us di gi t o f t h e pe ak- h o l d s a m p l i ng t o 1 ; t h e n , r e ad t h e va l u e s of p o s p k and n e g p k r e gi st e r s . o n e c a n obt a i n t h e va l u e s of t h e m e asu r i ng o f pos i t i v e pe ak- h ol d and ne gat i v e pe ak- h o l d va l u e s . b e cause t h e va l u e o f t h e pe ak- h o l d sa m p l i ng de vi ce i s de r i ve d f r o m t h e va l u e of s u m 2 , one s hou l d use for m ul a 5 t o c a l c ul a t e t h e e qui val e nt vo l t age va l u e o f t h e ope r a t o r . re v . 4 . 2 33/ 47
f s 970x 13. m i cr o p r o ces s o r i n t e r f ace 970x can d i r e ct l y conne ct t o any m i c r opr oce ssor by c s _ . w r _. r d _ . a l e . a d 3 . a d 2 . a d 1 . a d 0 , and i r q o pi ns . i t ca n a l so co nt r o l r e ad / w r i t e f unc t i ons of r e gi st e r s , a nd hand l e i n t e r r upt . 13. 1 cont r o l r e g i s t er the cont r o l r e gi s t e r s a r e al l 8- bi t r e gi st e r , i npu t - o u t p u t p o r t an d f o r m i cr op r o ce sso r t o r e ad and w r i t e . a nd t h e c o n t r o l r e g i s t e r will b e r e s e t t o t h e i n iti a l v a l u e o f 0 wh e n c o n n e c t i n g t o th e rst _ p i n o f th e c h ip . t h e p r i m ar y f u nc t i o n o f t h e c o nt r o l r e g i st er i s t o p r o v i d e t h e m i c r o p r oc es s o r t o w r i t e t o t h e c o nt r o l s e t t i n g of t h e chi p . h e nce , i t co nt r o l s a l l t h e ac t i on of t h e c h i p . i t can al s o r e ad t h e val u e and f o r t h e use of de t e ct i on. aft<7:0> scp<7:0> sin<7:0> srf<7:0> rgd<7:0> 7 cpn<1> msb enschmt extd capm 0 cmpen1 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 lsb bpftr sinl<2:0> srfh<1:0> srfl<2:0> sosr<1:0> scmpl<1:0> scmph<3:0> range<3:0> sinh<3:0> mode<3:0> cpn<0> name address 00 01 02 03 04 05 adg<7:0> enad 06 setadc misc1<7:0> tps2<1:0> envds misc2<7:0> fqrst_ pkhrst_ tps1<1:0> 07 08 block r o u t e r adc envcs misc rcten acdiv acen ftr dton cys<1:0> int 09 intrg<7:0> insta<3:0> inten<3:0> adg<5:0> enxtl_ enosco_ tbdiv fsdiv enbp enlbs engndr_ cntbp lbo cmp1 0 bpacbf encp_ cmpen2 cpvr cmp2 c har t 18 . t he c o r r e s pondi ng ad dr es s tabl e of al l c ontr o l and i n ter r upt r egi s t e r of the c h i p . the r e ar e , i n t o t a l , ni ne ( 9 ) 0 0 ~08 add r e sse s of co nt r o l l i ne o r r e gi s t e r ; as show n i n c har t 18 . t h e f u n c t i ons o f e a ch addr e ss ar e b r i e f l y i l l u st r a t e d i n t h e c har t 1 9 . regi s t er f unc t i o n ref e r enc e rg d< 7 > 0> cont r o l s t he on/ o f f s t a t us of t he m eas ur e m ent m ode and dec ay net w o r k of f unc t i on net w o r k a s des c r i bed i n s e c t i on 7. 1 s i n< 7 : 0> cont r o l s t he pat h and t h e pr e- f i l t er o f s i gna l i npu t a m p lif i e r of a d c c har t 9 an d c h a r t 1 0 s r f < 5: 0> cont r o l s t he pa t h and t h e pr e- f i l t er o f r e f e r enc e v o lt age o f a dc c har t 11 and c har t 12 s r f < 7: 6> o u t put opt i on o f ? pow er s uppl y char t 8 s c p < 7 : 0> cont r o l s t h e pat h & enabl e c ont r o l o f t he m u lt i p l e x e r s at t h e f r ont - end o f c o m par a t or char t 13 and char t 14 a f t < 7: 0 > t he enabl e c o n t r o l o f on / o f f s t at us & oper a t i o n a m p lif i e r in s o m e f unc t i on net w o r k s g r aph 5 a f t < 3 > w hen e n s chm t = 1, t h e s c h m i d t t r i gger f unc t i on o f enabl e c o m par a t or s e c t i on 7. 5 a d g < 5: 0> t he gai n s e t t i ng o f a dc i nput s e c t i on 8. 3 re v . 4 . 2 34/ 47
f s 970x a d g < 7: 6> p e r f or m anc e s e t t i ng o f a dc s e c t i on 8. 7 s e t a d c < 7: 6 > e n v d s & e n v c s , on / o f f pow er c ont r o l s e t t i ng s e c t i on 5. 3 s e t a d c < 5: 4 > cy s < 1 : 0> elim i nat i on m ode s e t t i ng o f o f f s et v o lt age o f a d c s e c t i on 8. 5 s e t a d c < 3: 0 > t p s 1 < 1 : 0 > and t p s 2 < 1 : 0 > t he nu m ber o f d i g i t a l f ilt er s e c t i on 8. 4 m i s c 1 < 7> cnt b p and cm p 1 o f e n b p and m i s c 2 < 3> det er m i ne t h e ac t i on of buz z e r char t 4 m i s c 1 < 6: 3 > s e t t i ng o f c l oc k gener at or c ont r o l s t h e oper at i ng m ode o f c apac i t y m eas ur e m ent char t 3, char t 7 and char t 8 m i s c 1 < 2: 1 > dt o n and f q r s t _ ar e t he c ount er m ode o f f r equenc y c ount er and r e s e t c ont r o l s e c t i on 9. 1 m i s c 1 < 0> p k hrs t _ i s t he r e s e t s i gnal o f peak - h o l d s a m p li ng c i r c uit r y s e c t i on 9. 2 m i s c 2 < 6: 4 > o u t put o f c o m pac t o r and l o w v o l t age de t e c t or s e c t i on 7. 5 and 5. 1 m i s c 2 < 2> w hen equal 1, t he s i gnal o f cm p h c an d i r e c t l y i nput f r o m a c a , w i t hout goi ng t h r ough an a c bu f f e r s e c t i on 7. 5. 1 m i s c 2 < 1: 0 > e n g ndr_ and e n lb s ar e t he enabl e c ont r o l o f bas i c j o b o f f s et v o l t age and l o w v o lt age det ec t o r . 5. 1 and 5. 2 c h a r t 1 9 . t h e b r ie f illu st r a t i o n o f t h e f u n c t i o n o f e a c h r e g i st e r in f s 9 7 0 x . the r e ad/ w r i t e se que nce of e a ch cont r o l r e gi st e r i s show n a s g r aph 15 . b e cause of t h e dat a l e ngt h i s 8 bi t , i t r e qui r e s con s e c ut i v e t w o t i m e s f o r e a ch r e ad or w r i t e , f i r s t m s b , and t h e n ls b 4 bi t s ea c h ? 0 ? w h en t h e n e xt a l e occ u r r e d . thus , i t w i l l st a r t w i t h m s b a gai n w h e n st ar t i n g t h e ne x t r e ad/ w r i t e se que nce . ??? ? ?? ???3???? ?????? ???3?a??a?3??????3???? ??????? ????? ??? ? ?? ???3???? ?????? ???3?a??a?3??????3???? ??????? ?3?? ???? ?? ? ???? ?? ? ????? g r aph 15. t h e r ead/w r i t e s equenc e of the c o n t r o l r egi s t er . re v . 4 . 2 35/ 47
f s 970x 13. 2 t he i n t e r r upt pr oc es s the m e asur e m e n t s c an be r e ad by t h e m i c r opr oce ssor i n t e r f ace a r e h i gh- r e sol u t i on out p u t of a d c , t h e l o w r e sol u t i on ou t p u t of a d c , pos i t i v e - ne gat i v e pe ak- h ol d va l u e , t h e out put o f f r e que ncy c oun t e r ? e t c. i n an y o f t h e r e gi st e r s , e a ch ne w val u e m e ans ne w ? e ve nt ? . t h e chi p , t h r u i t s i r q o p i n , w i l l se nd an i n t e r r u p t s i gna l t o t h e m i c r opr oce ssor and r e que st t o pr o c e ss. w h e n m i cr opr o c e ssor r e ce i v e d an i n t e r r upt si g nal of ne gat i v e - e nd t r i gge r ; m e a n s t hat so m e m e asu r i ng r e gi st e r s i n 97 0x chi p ha s de t e ct e d a ne w val u e . the m i c r op r o ce ssor w i l l t h e n r e ad t h e i n t e r r u p t st at u s r e gi st e r in t s t a , che c k i ng w h e r e t h e i n t e r r upt co m e s f r o m . c h a r t 20 show s t h e co r r e spond i n g e v e n t f o r e a ch bi t i n t h e i n s t a . t h e i n t e n i n c h ar t 2 0 c o nt r o l s w h et h e r a m e a s ur i n g ev en t i n t e r r u p t w i l l o c c u r . i n st a i n s t a < 3 > i n st a< 2 > i n st a< 1 > i n st a< 0 > e v en t f r equenc y c ount er out put + / - peak - hol d v a l u e low - r e s o l u t i on a dc hi gh- r e s o l u t i on a dc in te n i n t e n <3 > i n te n < 2 > in te n < 1 > i n te n < 0 > f unc t i on cor r e s pondi ng i r q o enabl e cor r e s pondi ng i r q o enabl e cor r e s pondi ng i r q o enabl e cor r e s pondi ng i r q o enabl e c har t 20. i n ter r upt s t atus r egi s t er s . w h e n m i c r o p r o c e s s o r r e a d s t h e r e g i s t e r a g a i n , t h e in t e r r u p t b i t will b e r e s e t t o 0 , a n d wa i t i n g f o r t h e n e w m e a s u r e m e n t to g e n e ra te th e i n te rru p t a g a in . the i n t e r r u p t st a t us r e gi st e r i n s t a < 3: 0> i s a r e ad- on l y r e gi st e r . the i n t e r r u p t e nabl e r e gi s t e r i n te n < 3: 0> i s a r e ad/ w r i t e r e gi s t e r . the r e ad/ w r i t e se que nce s of bot h r e gi s t e r s ar e t h e sa m e as con t r o l r e gi s t e r , as s how n i n g r a ph 15. the f l ow - c ha r t of i n t e r r upt p r oce ss ar e as f o l l ow s : 1) w hen t her e?s a new v a l ue s hown i n t he enab l e r e g i s t er , t h en s e t i r q o equal t o 0 , and k eep it t o 0. 2) w hen m i c r opr oc es s o r r e c e iv e t h i s negat iv e- end t r i gger , t h en r ead t he i n t e r r u p t s t at us r egi s t er . 3) a f t e r r eadi ng t he s t at us r egi s t er , i r q o w ill be pu ll ed bac k t o1. 4) chec k if t he i r q o w a s pul l ed bac k t o 1. i f no t , i t m eans t hat it di dn?t c a t c h a negat iv e end; t hen, i t s houl d r ead t h e i n t e r r upt s t at us one m o r e t i m e . w h e n r e adi ng t h e i n s t r u ct i o n pe r i od o f t h e i n t e r r u p t r e gi st e r ; t h e ne gat i v e - e nd of t h e ne w i n t e r r u p t m i gh t be l o st . t h er ef o r e, b y a d d i n g s t ep 4 ) w i l l i m pr o v e t h i s pr o b l e m . i n add i t i o n , w h e t he r t h e v a l u e of t h e i n t e r r upt st at us r e gi s t e r has be e n updat e d i n i nde pe nde nt f r o m i n t e r r u p t e nabl e r e gi st e r . th at i s t o say , t h e i n t e r r u p t e nabl e r e gi s t e r onl y af f e ct s i r q o ou t p u t . re v . 4 . 2 36/ 47
f s 970x 13. 3 m eas ur em ent regi s t er s a ddr es s r e g i s t er f unc t i o n lengt h o f r egi s t er ti m e s o f r eadin g 0a k t b < 23: 0 > o u t put o f t i m e - bas ed c ount er 24 6 0b k s g < 23: 0 > o u t put o f s i gna l c ount er 24 6 0 c p o sp k< 1 5 : 0 > t he u p - m o s t p o s i t i v e p eak - h ol d r egis t er 1 6 4 0 d n e g p k < 15: 0 > t he u p - m o s t n e g a t i v e p eak - h ol d r egis t er 1 6 4 0e s u m 2 < 15: 0 > o u t put o f l o w - r e s o l u t i on a dc 16 4 0f s u m 1 < 23: 0 > o u t put o f h i gh- r e s o l u t i on a d c 24 6 c har t 21. al l meas ur eme n t v a l ue r egi s t er s i n the c h i p . a l l m e asu r e m e n t r e gi s t e r s a nd t h e i r co r r e spond i n g ad dr e ss of fs 970x ar e l i st e d i n c har t 21. the r e ar e s i x addr e sse s i n t o t a l . the l e ngt h o f e a ch r e gi st e r var i e s . the y ar e a l l o u t p u t por t s , and ca n on l y be r e ad b y m i cr op r o ce sso r . the r e adi ng cl ocks o f t h e m e asu r e m e n t r e gi st e r ar e sh ow n i n g r a ph . w h e n i r q c i s o n t h e ne gat i v e - e nd, i t w i l l c l e a r t h e cor r e spond i n g i n s t a < x > . t h e nu m b e r o f r e adi ngs o f e a ch ne w va l u e has t o be c o r r e c t . o t he r w i s e , r e a d / w r i t e cyc l e co unt e r 3 cycnt r w i ll b e c l e a r e d t o 0 w h e n a l e i s ? h i ? . the nu m b e r o f r e adi ng s of e a ch addr e s s va r i e s w i t h t h e l e ngt h o f e a ch r e gi s t e r , as show n in th e la s t c o lu mn o f c h a r t 2 1 . w h e n r e adi ng s u m 1 o r s u m 2 , t h e f i r s t r e adi ng pe r i od ( w he n c y c n t r = 1) , t h e l o w pu l s e w i d t h of r d _ m u st be gr e a t e r t han t h e sa m p l i ng pe r i od of a d c . the ot he r r e adi ng pe r i ods ne e d onl y t o be gr e a t e r t han 2 u s . fo r ex am p l e , w h e n t h e sa m p l i n g f r e que ncy o f t h e a d c i s 8 3 . 3 kh z , t h e n , t h e f i r s t r e adi ng pe r i od o f s u m 1 and s u m 2 m u st be gr e a t e r t han 12 us . r e g a r d i n g t h e f r eq u e n c y c o un t e r , w h at w o r t h m ent i o n i n g i s w h en r e a d i n g t h e v a l u e of t h e t i m e - b as ed c o u n t e r , i t will no t c l e a r t h e i n t e r r u p t bit i n st a<3> . o n l y wh e n r e ading t h e s i gna l c oun t e r , i t s c o r r e s pond i n g i n t e r r u p t bi t i n s t a < 3> can be cl e a r e d. i n s t a < 2> w i l l be c l e a r e d w h e t he r r e adi ng r e gi st e r s of t h e up- m o st po si t i ve pe ak- h o l d va l u e or up - m os t ne gat i v e pe ak- h o l d va l u e . ??? ? ?? ???3??? ??????? ???3?????3??????3???? ?????? ?? a? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ? g r aph 16. r e a d i ng s equenc e di agr am of me as ur i ng r egi s t er s . re v . 4 . 2 37/ 47
f s 970x 14. b a s i c m eas u r em en t a p p l i cat i o n 14. 1 dcm v 14. 1 . 1 500 m v vx dcmv common 10k sgnd dcv 909k ? except cap 220pf agnd smv 1m ? 27nf to inh to inl ftr ftr bpftr adimux adimux ftb ftc fta off chip on chip off chip 28 25 23 24 17 g r aph 17. f unc ti on netw o r k di agr am of 500 mv . a ddr es s 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 r e g i s t e r r d g si n sr f s c p af t a d g set ad c mi sc 1 mi sc 2 v a l u e 0 0 h 0 0 h 0 8 h 00h 00h 93h 9f h 0 0 h 0 0 h c har t 22. 50 0 m v r egi s t er s e tup. s i gna l f l ow s i n s m v , t h r ough a d i m u x and pr e - f i l t e r , i n t o a d c . 14. 1 . 2 50 m v vx dcmv common 10k sgnd dcv 90k ? agnd smv 1m ? 27nf to inh to inl ftr ftr bpftr adimux adimux ftb ftc fta off chip acbuf cmphmux acdiv acen 90 k ? 10 k ? agnd ac b ac a on c h i p o ff c h i p 28 25 38 37 23 24 17 g r aph 18. f unc ti on netw o r k di agr am of 50 mv . a ddr es s 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 r e g i s t e r r d g si n sr f s c p af t a d g set ad c mi sc 1 mi sc 2 v a l u e 0 0 h 8 0 h 0 8 h 00h 30h 93h 9f h 0 0 h 8 0 h c har t 23. 50 mv r e gi s t er s e tup. s i gna l f l ow s i n f r o m a m v , t h r ough a 10 - t i m e s a m p l i f i e d gai n ne t w or k by a c b u f , an d goe s t h r ough a pr e - f i l t e r be f o r e f l ow i n g i n t o a d c . re v . 4 . 2 38/ 47
f s 970x 14. 2 dc v o l t age vx tenm 10m ? dcv r fuse+ptc 1m ? or 100k ? or 10k ? or 1k ? xohm common 10k agnd sgnd dcv xohm xohm tenm<0> 1m ? 27nf to inh to inl ftr ftr bpftr adimux adimux ftb fta ftc off chip on chip off chip acbuf acdiv acen 90 k ? 10 k ? agnd acb aca 38 37 cmphmux adimux 23 24 17 18 19~22 25 g r aph 19. f unc ti on netw o r k di agr am of d c v o l t age. a ddr es s 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 r e g i s t e r r d g si n sr f s c p af t a d g set ad c mi sc 1 mi sc 2 0. 5 v 10 80 08h 00h 30h 93h 9f h 00h 80h 5v ~ 1000v x 0 h 1 0 h 08h 00h 00h 93h 9f h 0 0 h 00h c har t 24. d c v o l t age r egi s t er s e tup. w h e r e a s , t h e va l u e of r g d < 7: 4> i s de t e r m i n e d by f u nct i on , a s show n i n c har t . a ddr es s r e g i s t er 0. 5v ~ 5 v 50v 500v 1000v 0 0 rg d< 7 : 0> 1 0 h 2 0 h 4 0 h 8 0 h c har t 25. v o l t age r ange s e tu p the vol t age s i gna l w i l l de cay t o be l o w e r t han 0. 5v by a s u i t a b l e m u l t i p l e of de cay ne t w o r k. i t w i l l go t h r ough a p r e- f i l t er , an d t h en i n t o a d c . o n l y t h e s i gn a l o f 0. 5v , d e c a yed 1 0 - t i m e s , w i l l am pl i f y 1 0 - t i m e s b e f o r e f l o w i n t o adc. re v . 4 . 2 39/ 47
f s 970x 14. 3 a c v o lt age ( a cv ) vx tenm 10m ? r fuse+ptc 1m ? or 100k ? or 10k ? or 1k ? xohm common 10k agnd sgnd dcv xohm xohm tenm<0> on chip off chip cpn agnd cpn<1> cpn<0> c compensation c decouple acen cmpen1 acbuf cmp1 agnd 1m ? 27nf inh inl ftr ftr bpftr adimux adimux ftb ftc fta off chip freq cmpmux acl sgnd ach 90k ? acb acdiv 10k ? aca agnd acdivb 10uf acl o rctop 2k ? rcten ach acho rctp rctn agnd 100 k ? 47 nf acl acl ach rcto 25 19~22 18 17 38 37 40 39 42 43 36 35 41 23 24 17 g r aph 2 0 . f unc ti on netw o r k di agr am of a c v o l t age. a ddr es s 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 r e g i s t e r r d g si n sr f s c p af t a d g set ad c mi sc 1 mi sc 2 0. 5v 1 0 h 5b h 00h 10h f 0 h 9 3 9f 0 0 0 0 5v ~ 100v x 0 h 5 b h 0 0 h 10h d0h 93h 9f h 0 0 h 0 0 h c har t 26. a c v o l t age r egi s t er s e tup. w h e r e a s , t h e va l u e of r g d < 7: 4> i s de t e r m i n e d by t h e f unc t i o n , a s show i n c har t . the vol t age s i gna l of 5v ~100 0v w i l l de cay t o be l o w e r t h an 0. 5v b y a su i t ab l e m u l t i p l e o f de cay ne t w or k . i t w i l l g o t h r o u gh a a c bu f f e r w i t h ga i n va l u e of 1, and t h e n i n t o a a c / d c conve r t e r or t r ue m e an squa r e conve r t e r . i t t h e n goe s t h r oug h a p r e - f i l t e r , and i n t o a d c . u nde r 0. 5 v , se t t i n g a c d i v = 1 w i l l al l o w t h e 10- t i m e s de cay si gna l t o be 10 - t i m e s a m pl i f i e d by a c buf f e r , r e ve r s i n g i t bac k w i t h i n t h e d y na m i c r ange of 0 . 5v be f o r e f e e d i ng i t i n t o a c / d c c onve r t e r or t r ue m e an squa r e conve r t e r . re v . 4 . 2 40/ 47
f s 970x 14. 4 dc cur r ent ( dca ) common 10k 0.99 ? 0.01 ? ua 10a ma+ua 99 ? ma agnd sgnd sa 1m ? 27nf inh inl ftr ftr bpftr adimux adimux ftb ftc fta off chip on chip off chip 30k ? acb acdiv acen 60k ? 10k ? aca agnd acdivb acbuf cmpmux 29 26 23 24 17 38 37 g r aph 21. f unc ti on netw o r k di agr am of d c c u r r ent. a ddr es s 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 r e g i s t e r r d g si n s r f sc p a f t ad g set ad c mi sc 1 mi sc 2 5000ua , 500 m a , 10a 00h 80h 08h 20h 10h 93h 9f h 00h 80h 500ua , 5 m a , 5a 00h 80h 08h 20h 30h 93h 9f h 00h 80h c har t 27. d c c u r r ent r egi s t er s e tup. a s show n i n g r aph , and assu m i ng t h e t r ans f e r r i n g r e si s t o r t o be app r o x . 100 ? , t h e t r a n s f e r r i n g v o l t a g e will b e 0. 5v unde r 5. 00 00 m a . i t w i l l t h e n f l ow i n t o a d c t h r oug h t h e a c b u f buf f e r o f 1 ( a c d i v = a ft<5>=0 ) . u nde r 50. 000 m a , w h e n usi ng t h e t r ans f e r r i ng r e si s t or o f 10 0 ? , t h e t r ans f e r r i ng vo l t age of 5v w i l l be t o o h i gh. i f usi n g 1 ? , t h e t r an sf e r r i ng vol t age w i l l be 50 m v , an d t h e g a i n of a c b u f w i l l be 10 ( a c d i v =a ft<5>=1 ) . a m p l i f y t h e si gnal 10 - t i m e s be f o r e f e e d i ng i t i n t o a d c . re v . 4 . 2 41/ 47
f s 970x 14. 5 a c cur r ent ( a c a ) 90k ? ac b acdiv acen 10k ? ac a agnd cmpen1 acdivb 10uf acbuf cmp1 agnd common 10k 0.99 ? 0.01 ? ua 10a ma+ua 99 ? ma agnd sgnd sa 1m ? 27nf inh inl ftr ftr bpftr adimux adimux ftb ftc fta off chip on chip off chip ac l o freq cmpmux rctop 2k ? rcten ach acl sgnd ach ac ho rctp rctn agnd 100 k ? 47 nf ac l acl ac h rcto 38 37 40 39 42 43 36 35 41 23 24 17 29 25 g r aph 22. f unc ti on netw o r k di agr am of a c c u r r ent. a ddr es s 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 r e g i s t e r r d g si n s r f sc p a f t ad g set ad c mi sc 1 mi sc 2 5000ua , 500 m a , 10a 00h 5b h 08h 20h d0h 93h 9f h 00h 00h 500ua , 5 m a , 5a 00h 5b h 08h 20h f 0 h 93h 9f h 00h 00h c har t 28. a c c u r r ent r egi s t er s e tup. a s show n i n g r ap h, t h e m e asu r i n g p a t h of a c cu r r e nt , up t o t h e out pu t o f a c buf f e r , i s t h e sa m e as d c cur r e n t . a f t e r go i ng t h r ough a c buf f e r , t h e si gna l w i l l f l ow t h r ough a c / d c con v e r t e r o r t r ue m e an squa r e conve r t e r t o conve r t a c s i gn al i n t o d c si g nal be f o r e f l ow i n t o a d c . re v . 4 . 2 42/ 47
f s 970x 14. 6 res i s t or ( ? ) on chip off chip osrc rx common 10k xohm tenm 10m ? 1m ? or 100k ? or 10k ? or 1k ? ptc fuse volt+ohm+ dt+cap osr osr osren agnd sgnd xohm<1> osrc xohm<0> tenm<0> 1m ? sdb 909k ? smv dcmv+ohm+cap +dt+hfe+pkh except cap agnd ohm+cap +hfe+calr dcv+ohm +cap+hfe+pkh 220pf inl inh vrl vrh xohm<2> 28 25 30 19~22 18 cpn 27nf cpn<0> agnd cpn<1> 16 g r aph 2 3 . f unc ti on netw o r k di agr am of r e s i s t or . a ddr es s 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 r e g i s t e r r d g si n sr f s c p af t a d g set ad c mi sc 1 mi sc 2 v a l u e 8 9 h 0 0 h dah 00h 00h 93h 1f h 0 0 h 0 0 h c har t 29. r e s i s t or r egi s t er s e tup. the se t up o f r g d < 7: 4>, s r f<7 : 0> , a d g < 7 : 0> , and m i s c 1< 7: 0> va r i e s w i t h d i f f e r e n t f u nct i on s. s e e be l o w f o r d e t a ils . a ddr es s r e g i s t er 500 ? 5 k ? 5 0 k ? 5 0 0 k ? 5 m ? 4 0 m ? 0 0 rg d< 7 : 0> 8 9 h 4 9 h 2 9 h 1 9 h 0 9 h 0 9 h 0 2 s r f < 7: 0> d a h 4a h 4 a h 4 a h 4a h 4 a h 0 5 a d g < 7: 0> 9 3 h 9 3 h 9 3 h 9 3 h 9 3 h 9 8 h 0 7 m i s c 1 < 7: 0 > 0 0 h 0 0 h 0 0 h 0 0 h 4 0 h 4 0 h c har t 30. r e s i s t or r ange s e tup. re v . 4 . 2 43/ 47
f s 970x 14. 7 capac i t or cx on chip off chip common xohm 10m or 1m or 100k or 10k or 1k ptc fuse volt+ohm+ dt+cap osr osr agnd xohm<1> 909k smv dcmv+ohm+cap +dt+hfe+pkh dcv+ohm +cap+hfe+pkh osrc osren osrc cmp1 cmpen1 cmpl captg xohm<2> cmph 28 18~22 g r aph 24. f unc ti on netw o r k di agr am of c apac i t or . a ddr es s 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 r e g i s t e r r d g si n sr f s c p af t a d g set ad c mi sc 1 mi sc 2 v a l u e 1 b h 0 0 h 00h 01h 00h 00h 0 0 h 0 0 h 0 0 h c har t 31. c apac i t or r egi s t er s e tup. a ddr es s r e g i s t er 500nf 5uf 50uf 500uf 0 0 rg d< 7 : 0> 1b h 2 b h 4 b h 8b h 0 4 a f t < 7: 0 > 0 0 h 0 0 h 0 0 h 0 4 h 0 7 m i s c 1 < 7: 0 > 0 0 h 0 0 h 0 0 h 2 0 h c har t 32. c apac i t or r ange s e tu p. z m e asur i n g cap a c i t o r va l u e o f fs 9704b i s t o c har ge and d i scha r ge t h e r e si s t or r e f e r e nce adde d by xo hm p i n t o m a k e a n o s c i l l a ti o n , a n d t h e n c a l c u l a t e i t s o s c illa t e d c y c l e t o g e t t h e c a p a c i t o r v a l u e . 3/ 4v d d 1/ 4v d d vd d tdo cap a c i t o r m eas ur em ent z t o c a lc u l a t e th e c y c le , w e s e n d th e s q u a re w a v e th a t o u t fr o m c a p t g to th e fre q u e n c y c o u n te r . w h e n ope r a t i ng t h e f r e que ncy m e asur e m e n t , t h e ne ce ssar y t i m e r r e f e r e nc e si gna l i s f t b . for t h e m e asur i ng f r e que ncy , i t can be gai ne d t h r ough t h e f o l l ow i ng f o r m ul a . i n t h i s f o r m u l a , k s g i s t h e s i gna l coun t e r an d k t b i s t h e v a l u e of t h e t i m e - b a s e c o u n t er . fi n = ( k s g / k t b) * f t b z t h e r e v i s e o f t h e c a l c u l a t ed fi n i s t h e c y c l e . 1 / fi n = { 1 / [ ( k s g / k t b) * f t b ] } re v . 4 . 2 44/ 47
f s 970x 14. 8 di ode diode vb+ 1.5 k ? dt dcmv+ohm+cap dt+hfe+pkh 909 k ? hunk smv 100 k ? 10k ? sgnd agnd sdt inh inl on chip off chip common dt pt c 28 20 25 g r aph 2 5 . f unc ti on netw o r k of di ode me as ur ement. a ddr es s 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 r e g i s t e r r d g si n sr f s c p af t a d g set ad c mi sc 1 mi sc 2 s e t up v a l u e 0 1 h 0 0 h 0 8 h 00h 00h 93h 1f h 0 0 h 0 0 h c har t 33. d i ode r egi s t er s e tup. re v . 4 . 2 45/ 47
f s 970x 15. pac kag e ou t l i n e l q fp 64: pl astic low profi l e quad flat package; 64 leads; bo dy 10 x 1 0 x 1 . 4 mm not e : 1.p l a s ti c or m e t a l p r otrus i ons of 0 . 25 mm ma ximu m p e r sid e are n o t i n c l u d ed . d i m e n s i o n s (m m are th e origlin al d i m e n s ion s ) un i t mm a ma x . a1 a2 a3 0. 1 5 0. 0 5 1. 45 1. 35 0. 2 5 0. 2 7 0. 1 7 1. 6 0 bp c 0. 2 0 0. 0 9 de e h hl l p v w y z z 10 . 1 9. 9 10. 1 9. 9 0. 5 12 . 1 5 11 . 8 5 12 . 1 5 11 . 8 5 1. 0 0 . 0 75 0. 7 5 0. 4 5 0. 2 0 . 1 2 1. 4 5 1. 0 5 7 0 1. 4 5 1. 0 5 de (1) ( 1 ) (1) (1) de 05 m m 2. 5 s cal e b a v b v m m m m w w z d h d bp d e pi n 1 i n de x e bp a z e eh e a a2 a1 d e ta il x l lp (a 3 ) x c y 48 49 33 32 64 11 6 17 re v . 4 . 2 46/ 47
fs970x rev. 4.2 47/47 16. attachment (1) op-amp specifications (vdd = 6v, vss = 0v, t a =+25 , unless otherwise indicated) : instrumentation amplifier @ gain = 30, vref=0.5v, t a =25 : parameter test contitions min. typ. max. units input offset voltage without az rs<100 ? 20 v ? input offset voltage with az rs<100 ? 0 3 v ? input offset drift without az -20

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